tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-83957697492133577392024-03-08T17:26:44.822-08:00Graduate admissions essaysExample Topic Sentence For Research Paperinprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.comBlogger169125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395769749213357739.post-7757669204182242442020-08-25T19:29:00.001-07:002020-08-25T19:29:04.747-07:00A SYSTEM TO MANAGE THE POSTGRADUATE COMPUTING PROJECTS Literature reviewA SYSTEM TO MANAGE THE POSTGRADUATE COMPUTING PROJECTS - Literature survey Example So as to perform setup the board, this exploration shows that Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) form 1.1, and the Project IN Controlled Environment (PRINCE) adaptation 2 points out the best possible execution of Configuration control exercises as a result of their criticality for the fruitful activity of the item in the arrangement condition. Concentrating on the likenesses and connection between's these two activities, creator has mapped PRINCE 2 Configuration Management Component to the CM procedure in nonstop portrayal. To accomplish great change results there is a need to apply fitting programming measurements on every single sub procedure and sub practice. As indicated by the authorââ¬â¢s thought, mapping between two activities is never so natural since it requires the particular of appropriate granularity level of maps between models. On elevated level it might be difficult to get adequate comprehension of shared traits and varieties while on a low level it might bring about an enormous number of associations, make it difficult to accomplish the fitting mapping. The mapping performed by the proposed approach shows that PRINCE 2 and CMMI 1.1 nonstop portrayal manage the venture the executives by following an improved procedure the board approach. Mainly the setup the executives exercises in previously mentioned guidelines are typically corresponded to one another at higher granularity level. It is almost unfeasible to accomplish balanced mapping between these two and low granularity level in light of contrasts in process improvement approach embraced by CMMI at advancing level (Luqman, 2006). (Dr. Asim ur rehman et al., 2007), feature the significance of the comprehension of troughs about the techniques being embraced for the administration of various parts of the venture. As indicated by their perspectives, Managers while dealing with an undertaking, will in general show the inclination for a particular venture the executives technique. They think that its hard to deal with another undertaking if a disparate task the executives is received. Since they for the most part are in shy of information about how much shared characteristic exists between the liked and the new required undertaking the board approach. This exploration is fundamentally engaged towards that upgrade of comprehension of administrators by giving featuring various parts of various task the board systems. Results can be valuable by astutely consolidating amazing highlights of various philosophies. To play out the investigation five significant undertaking the executives philosophies, including PRINCE2, have been contrasted and PMBOK. Prince2 approach has certain inadequacies when contrasted and different strategies. PRINCE2 isn't intended to guarantee capable outcomes in brief timeframe. It requires profound focus from the directors to get the guaranteed outcomes and furthermore it is lacking if the task requires further extent of agreement and individu als the executives. This examination likewise features certain shared characteristics among PMBOK and PRINCE2, for example, the documentation must give adequate data to suit the event. Normally it doesn't give data about how to play out a particular undertaking or utilize any of the apparatuses portrayed. They are planned to give a concise sketch of procedures included, their inprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395769749213357739.post-29631371711481960452020-08-22T22:34:00.001-07:002020-08-22T22:34:26.911-07:00Impact Of Climate Change And Greenhouse Gases Environmental Sciences EssayOur clime is rapidly modifying surrounding us. Ice is runing, workss are expiring, quicken creatures are in harm's way, and home grounds are being crushed. The Arctic is incredibly influenced. The ice is runing and doing H2O degrees to lift, and enliven creatures are expiring a direct result of loss of home ground. In the course of the last one hundred mature ages, the mean surface temperature has risen a little more than 1 degree Fahrenheit. ( Baker, 4 ) Climate adjustment happens due to universes and normal grounds. Universes are non being cautious and are non using their assets prudently. Universes are non taking a gander at different alternatives to help rescue the earth, and are just using what is most effortless and what we are utilized to. Atmosphere change is a genuine activity that influences universes, and enliven creatures, and if non halted will do significant destruction. Atmosphere adjustment is the expansion of the temperature of our planet. ( Morris, 4 ) Climate modification is more than only an adjustment in the conditions ; it is a change over a significant stretch of clasp. ( ââ¬Å" What is Climate Change? â⬠) . Atmosphere modification occurs obviously yet adjacent to on account of universes. Throughout the late spring our planet is nearer to the Sun and becomes radiator. In the winter things get cooler since we are killed from the Sun. In any case, the ice that we have lost or has liquefied reconstructs in the winter. This is a direct result of freeze and snowfall ( ââ¬Å" Causes of Climate Change â⬠) Natural temperatures have risen 1.08 evaluations Fahrenheit in the course of the last 100 mature ages. ( Baker, 4 ) Our condition is other than adjusting a direct result of human action and the nursery outcome. The nursery result is when nursery gases are caught in our atmosphere. ( Henson, 20 ) Greenhouse gases trap the warmth from the Sun in the Earth ââ¬Ës climate. This warmth prompts an expansion in the Earth ââ¬Ës surface temperature. ( Henson, 21 ) There is this bed in the mood that traps warmth to keep up our planet warm. At the point when universes discharge nursery gases, they get caught by this bed and the surface temperature rises. There are three boss gases that are viewed as nursery gases. These gases are C dioxide, methane, and azotic oxide ( Baker, 6 ) . Carbon dioxide is delivered when petroleum derivatives, for example, coal and oil are singed. Creatures, for example, cattles and sheep discharge gas as segment of their stomach related framework and through excrement. This produces methane. At that point there is azotic oxide. Azotic oxide is delivered when composts are utilized for paces and collects. ( Walker, David, 112 ) Each clasp you drive to the shop, sit in front of the Television, travel on the registering machine, drive an auto, and turn on the obvious radiations petroleum derivatives are scorched. They are singed to deliver the vitality to control things. At the point when petroleum derivatives are singed, C dioxide is discharged into the air. Since there are such a significant number of individuals thus numerous individuals effectively let go ofing C dioxide, it at long last includes and the temperature rises. ( Henson, 24 ) These gas totals are expanding on the grounds that the human populace is expanding. Atmosphere change influences nature and universes. The clime changes with a little temperature modification. In the course of the last 25 mature ages, the Arctic ocean ice nation has diminished by around five for every centum and summer ocean ice nation has diminished by 15 for every centum. ( ââ¬Å" Melting Ice Caps â⬠) The defrost of ice significantly influences the supplement connection. The supplement connection is an understanding of the being of a biological network orchestrating to the request for predation wherein every utilization the accompanying typically lower part as a supplement starting. ( Webster Dictionary ) In the north-polar the enliven creatures and workss significantly rely upon one another. The supplement connection begins with the ice. Ice has green growth on it which the krill eat. On the off chance that the ice defrosts, the krill will expire out. ( Baker, 11 ) Fish eat krill, and if the krill whole reductions so will the fish entirety. Whales, walruses, seals, and polar bears, will other than be influenced. These vivify creatures will hold less supplement accessible on the grounds that they eat the fish. Indeed, even the littlest change in temperature can run the ice and do the entire supplement connection to be distracted. ( Baker, 11 ) The warming of our planet can other than sway the energize being ââ¬Ës adaptation. The vitalize creatures in the north-polar have adjusted to cold temperatures, hardly any long stretches of daylight, short turning seasons, greenery and developing periods, and have developed thick covers. Creatures in the Arctic have adjusted to the conditions so the temperature changes extraordinarily influence them. ( Baker, 11 ) There are three environments in the Arctic. These three biological systems are the Arctic Ocean, Ice Sheets, and the Tundra. The Arctic Ocean underpins fish life. The Ice Sheets give sanctuary and land to run for seals, seahorses, polar bears and some more. The Tundra bolsters life for greeneries, lichen, and gives supplement to musk Oklahoma, rabbits, and numerous reindeer. Also, in the late spring winged animals move here. ( Baker, 10 ) The Arctic Ocean is enormously influenced by clime adjustment. Temperatures are lifting the quickest here. The Arctic Ocean is the littlest sea and parts are for acceptable solidified. It incorporates the ocean and set down North of the Arctic Circle, the North Pole, and a few pieces of different states. ( ââ¬Å" Arctic Ocean â⬠) The ascent in temperature is doing the ice to run. Ice and snow mirror the Sun pillar and warmth, and H2O and land do non. In light of the ice defrost, there is non each piece a lot of day off ice. The H2O and land are engrossing the warmth and Sun shafts doing temperatures to lift much more. ( Baker, 8 ) The lifting temperatures are affecting enliven creatures unnecessarily. Creatures are incredibly influenced by the clime modification. Their place is here in the Arctic and they rely upon the ice for cover and runing unending. The Arctic has numerous polar bears. Polar bears are imperiled in view of the defrost ice. In the late spring the Arctic Ice sheet defrosts. But since of clime modification, the ice sheet is runing three hebdomads prior so it did in the 1970 ââ¬Ës. ( Baker, 13 ) When the ice sheet moves north the home ground of the polar bear therapists. This powers the bears to swim significant distances to happen supplement for their family units. Most bears are acceptable swimmers yet some become tired, doing them to perish. ( Olson, 11 ) Another ground polar bears are imperiled is on the grounds that they are non happening the supplement they need in the H2O, so they wonder towards towns for supplement. Polar bears ca n't occur the supplement with the whole of fat they h ave to last the winter. The bears become slim and ca n't last doing perish. ( Olson, 20 ) Another enliven being that is in peril is the Caribou. In 1989 there were 187,000 Caribous and in 2007 there were 120,000. ( Baker, 14 ) Caribou Numberss are lessening for some grounds. Caribou eat lichen and greenery found in the Tundra. Snow aggregates are expanding which makes it hard for the Caribou to happen the supplement with the correct entirety of fat it needs. On the off chance that the Caribou does non hold bounty fat to do it through the winter, it will perish. In the late spring the greenery and lichen become green before so ordinary. This helps the Caribou however so these workss will expire out previously. On the off chance that they do non obtain a lot of the greenery and lichen and do non hold sufficient fat put away, they will at long last perish. ( Baker, 15 ) Atmosphere modification other than influences individuals. There are 28 networks in the north-polar territory and islands. ( ââ¬Å" Canada ââ¬Ës Northern Communities â⬠) This is their place and clime modification has made it hard for them to run and edge. There social practices are compelled to adjust. Due to the defrost ice ocean degrees are raising doing houses to be harmed. Atmosphere adjustment could hold a massive effect on our planet in the great beyond. With the ice runing the way it is, ocean degrees could lift doing implosion treatment, and land could be pulverized. Creatures are compromised in light of the fact that their supplement and sanctuary beginnings are shrinking. A portion of these vivify creatures are imperiled now and could go nonextant. Atmosphere adjustment could other than be acceptable. The ice that is in the way could run opening ways for pontoons to get through. ( Baker, 25 ) This could help concerns take shorter ways to secure where they have to travel. One head thing that atmosphere change will affect is touristry. Tonss of individuals couldn't imagine anything better than to see these energize creatures and topographic focuses. More individuals will go to these topographic focuses on the grounds that they might be hotter, or simpler to procure to. Every twelvemonth the mean American includes in excess of 40,000 lbs of C dioxide to the air. ( Earth In The Hot Seat, 53 ) Go play football or affiliation football. Go for a stroll outside, or wing a kite on the other hand of sitting inside on the figuring machine. At the point when you spend the majority of your clasp outside you do non let go of C dioxide. Lessening the total of vitality you use is the most straightforward way to chop down your C dioxide entirety directly off. ( Earth In The Hot Seat, 54 ) If everybody is wary to what they do, how much power they use, or to what extent the stay inside, our C dioxide aggregate will wither. In the terminal this will all include and the temperature adjustments will be littler. Atmosphere change is an occupation that influences universes, and enliven creatures, and is doing adjustments to our condition. In the course of the last one hundred mature ages, the mean surface temperature has risen a little more than 1 degree Fahrenheit. ( Baker, 4 ) There are numerous associations helping with clime change. The Sierra Club is helping to do clean vitality arrangements, green travel, bound nursery gases, and use assets past coal. They are other than educating individuals about clime change so they will make their bit. Environmental Change is ââ¬Å" Care for God ââ¬Ës Creations. â⬠( Seven Key Themes of Catholic Social Teachings ) We have to demo consideration for the Earth since it is part of our religion. ââ¬Å" We are called to ensure individuals and the planet, popula inprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395769749213357739.post-2922883327194383392020-08-22T05:34:00.001-07:002020-08-22T05:34:29.310-07:00Digital Radio Rebanding Essay Example for FreeComputerized Radio Rebanding Essay In this paper we have discussed the critical need of presenting more Emergency correspondence RF frequencies. The explanation behind requiring more frequencies are twofold right off the bat the frequencies previously assigned are substantially less than required and besides every one of these frequencies required update the . We have likewise included frequencies as of now utilized for crisis systems. We have discussed a situation where the gear update became fundamental when the crisis emotionally supportive network was changed to an alternate recurrence. Later in the paper we have suggested utilizing new advanced innovations, for example, programming characterized radio, psychological radio and 802. 11 Adhoc systems for more grounded , secure, high information rate and solid correspondence. Presentation As the world is pushing forward the requirement for radio and remote correspondence can't be denied. This significance turns out to be progressively apparent in crisis conditions and times . A few frequencies from the electromagnetic range are designated for crisis time correspondence by the administrations and offices around the globe. One such organization is FCC who is liable for doling out various recurrence groups/There are some particular frequencies that are the assigned for the correspondence in crisis, a table of such allotted frequencies are introduced here. The issue is this that these frequencies are being utilized for different purposes by the specialist and so forth for correspondence or other kind of information move at different occasions and getting to these in the hour of crises gets troublesome. The airplane crisis recurrence is a lot of frequencies utilized on the airplane radio band saved for crisis correspondences for airplane in trouble. The frequencies are 121. 5 MHz for regular citizen, otherwise called International Air Distress (IAD) and 243. 0 MHz for military use, otherwise called Military Air Distress (MAD). Both of these frequenices are utilized on the universal level. Computerized Radio Rebanding It is an understand certainty that Electromagnetic range is a constrained source thus the entire electromagnetic spectra has been plunged to be utilized for explicit purposes, one of such explicit reason for existing is to utilize Radio recurrence based correspondence in time of crisis. A few explicit groups are distribute for this reason however it has as of late been felt that these groups don't give the necessary frequencies and current advanced radio will likewise not have the option to perform well in these groups. (Silva, 2001). Since these frequencies are constrained these likewise gotten swarmed at those seasons of crisis when many individuals are imparting for salvage and giving assistance. I. e on account of a significant catastrophe a few guide offices and associations approach that place, they utilize comparable hardware and get themselves incapable to convey. In this manner it is a desperate need to build the quantity of these dispensed frequencies just assigned to be utilized for crisis purposes. At a few times in the past the necessary crisis band were seen as involved and the clients were approached to stop utilizing those frequencies o n that period. One of the remarkable models is of NOAA satellites which has got its frequencies changed in February 2009 and now it can just get signals from the 406 MHz recurrence reference points. It ought to be noticed that NOAA satellite was critical in sparing at any rate 283 individuals around the world. The more established crisis reference points, working on the 121. 5 and 243 MHz frequencies, will never again be recognized. This is one of the fundamental ressons why all the gear on the ground that they use should be updated. Occasions where the crisis frameworks bombed In the ongoing history during a few calamity the requirement for ditial radio rebranding has been felt. The three significant occasions have high significance in such manner. During Hurricane Katrina, the crisis frequencies were seen as insufficient and couldn't adapt up to the prerequisites. The crisis range was extremely packed and more individuals were discovered attempting to get to the channel than the range might suit. Crisis correspondence frameworks bombed on the appalling occasion of 9/11 and caused the individuals working in those offices to assess their framework execution. The Indian Ocean Tsunami that happened in 2004 and caused roughly 350,000 passings and a lot more wounds. There could be substantially less passings if the crisis correspondence could be on advanced hardware and more ranges committed. Computerized Radio Analog frameworks, which are overwhelmingly existent in todayââ¬â¢s crisis correspondence, are less expensive however advanced frameworks present considerably more proficient, better execution, and more noteworthy adaptability. For the open security radio correspondence has been utilized as an essential methods for correspondence for a few associations including police yet there are slight improvement in the techniques used to move data. This absence of development after some time has lead to the congestion of current frameworks and the need to discover new and better strategies to convey in that medium. Ongoing appalling fiasco raised worries about the current open wellbeing crisis correspondences and their powerlessness to suit countless clients for a brief timeframe is not kidding risky. These right now frameworks neglected to offer the sort of salvage help as it was suspected before. With the usage of advanced innovation the designated recurrence band would take into consideration the expanded utilization of the range. Current frequencies and included new frequencies that would better permit numerous organizations to speak with restricted issues when contrasted with current operational models. Shockingly more spotlight is there on improving everyday correspondence since they yield more business yet genuine concerns are there and which should be tended to as a few simple based frameworks neglected to be successful in crisis correspondence. Proposals By examining the circumstance we can without much of a stretch say that the held frequencies utilized for crisis correspondence are substantially less than what are required. Consequently more frequencies are required for crisis correspondence groups, FCC and other recurrence allotted associations need to contemplate enormously on this angle. Additionally it ought to likewise be ensured that no one aside from the approved clients utilize those frequencies subsequently on account of any crisis, the correspondence could be built up in a matter of moments. We have likewise discovered that the simple radio correspondence is wasteful consequently radio advanced telecom is vital in the hours of crisis and organizations previously working such It is likewise basic for the organizations engaged with crisis activity to have all their hardware dependent on advanced radio. It is one in which all the correspondences is finished utilizing computerized tweak strategies: here we would discuss a portion of the ongoing headway in advanced radio innovation which has expanded the reuse of frequcnices with better exchange of information, voice and video both. Programming characterized Radio is one of the promising innovations and will end up being one of the significant improvements in the field of RF correspondence. On the off chance that SDR , as it is called , is presented in crisis correspondence gear information interchanges, voice correspondences, video correspondences, would all be improved conceivable in much manners for the crisis reaction interchanges. ( Kenington, 2005) SDR is generally an assortment of equipment and programming innovations in which a couple of the radioââ¬â¢s working capacities, for example, physical layer handling are actualized through reconfigurable programming which is scorched into the diverse programmable processors. The SDR has now been believed to be executed utilizing field programmable entryway exhibits (FPGA), advanced sign processors (DSP), broadly useful processors (GPP), inserted frameworks or other explicit programmable processors. With programming characterized radio new advances can undoubtedly be worked to existing radio frameworks without requiring new equipment. (Reed, 2002) actually the Software characterized radio (SDR) innovation brings adaptability and cost proficiency and will be useful over the long haul for the crisis radio rebranding happens as regardless of what frequencies are doled out; just tweaking the product would empower the correspondences. Subjective radio innovation Cognitive radio can be executed uncommonly for the crisis required correspondence since this promising innovation would oblige a lot a larger number of clients than the standard simple or computerized specialized techniques. (Arslan, 2007) Recent investigations exhibited that dynamic range access can improve range usage essentially by permitting auxiliary unlicensed clients to powerfully share the range that isn't utilized by the essential authorized client. Intellectual radio was proposed to advance the range use by artful abusing the presences of range openings. ( Fette, 2009) Other Technologies Few late advances, for example, WiMAX (802. 16) may be conveyed related to customary correspondence modes to upgrade the information rate so pictures from the grievous territory may be moved to remote territories. One other innovation that is coming to fruition nowadays is 802. 11 adhoc sensor systems which may likewise be conveyed in remote regions so that if any one needs salvage they would benefit from outside assistance. The adhoc systems are as of late acquainted innovation and might demonstrate with be helpful. Today the salvage groups are fit to do significantly more for the individuals out of luck and in crisis conditions dependent on the data they have however for this they need itemized data as pictures recordings and point by point maps, The inheritance simple radio frameworks can't bolster high information rates nor are link of taking care of at the same time. End: We finish up from this investigation that not just the frequencies doled out are not exactly the required, considering the occasions where these frequencies were depleted and furthermore the hardware being used is likewise should be founded on Digital Radio. On the off chance that the new frequencies are obtained it has likewise been found inprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395769749213357739.post-28172906309856485982020-08-21T20:16:00.001-07:002020-08-21T20:16:13.860-07:00Bose, Marketing Paper essaysBose, Marketing Paper articles Bose is the most innovative and logical speaker delivered available at the present time. The organization, Bose has been around for a little while creating fantastic sound frameworks for homes and vehicles. Bose has directed an outrageous measure of research on the nature of sound and speakers made far and wide to set them selves for in front of each different produces. Their Website, www.Bose.com, is very simple to recollect. Bose site is quite mechanical and requires a specific programs' module to get to specific pieces of their site. Bose gives you their module for nothing and tells you the best way to download and introduce it. With individuals moving into the twenty-first century PCs and web based shopping will be the flood of things to come. Shopping on Bose site makes in simple and they have lower cost than what you would get at a retail location. You can look for whatever speaker framework you want; right from PCs, to home theater frameworks. You dont need to turn into a part to shop on Bose site either, similar to some other online sound system locales cause you to do. Target Market = the objective market for Bose is more for the working class and up. The item that Bose offers is top notch sound framework gear; right from home theater frameworks, vehicle speakers to PC encompass sound. Their page is set up as an exceptionally mechanical site, implying that their item is of high caliber and somewhat more costly than if you somehow happened to go to Wal-Mart searching for a sound system. You can see some limited time exertion with their vehicle sound system. Bose utilizes certain vehicles like Acura, Audi, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, Infiniti, Mazda, Mercedes-Benz, Nissan and Pontiac to enable the objective to showcase see where they go. I think the age bunch that Bose is attempting to reach is of a more seasoned gathering beginning at nineteen and up. Each one tunes in to something and they love to hear it out on a decent quality sound framework. In my opinion,... <! inprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395769749213357739.post-23336596059560294182020-08-08T09:14:00.001-07:002020-08-08T09:14:02.676-07:00Letters of Recommendation COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions BlogLetters of Recommendation COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Many applicants recently have asked about the âidealâ combination of recommendation letters. There is no real ideal combination, it really depends on the applicant; however let me elaborate a bit on the subject. Recommendation letters should come from one of two sources: academic or professional. In other words, from individuals who have supervised you in the classroom or in the work place. âWork placeâ is a broad term. The work place could include internships, volunteer work, or paid full-time work. Sometimes unpaid work is much more in alignment with an applicantâs goals and if you are choosing to do something and not get paid for it, this shows a great deal of dedication and commitment. Since SIPA is a professional school it makes sense that we would like to see at least one professional letter of recommendation. The only combination we really do not recommend is three academic letters of recommendation. An applicant that submits three academic letters is basically telling us that there is no one from the professional world that can comment on their ability and qualifications for graduate school. Beyond this advice, any combination will do. If you have been out of school for several years, do not feel compelled to go back and get a letter of recommendation from a professor who did not really know you or that you have not been in contact with. We would much rather receive letters from those that know you and that you have been in contact with in some capacity. If you had fabulous relationships with a few professors two letters of recommendation from professors is fine. It is really up to you. When it comes down to it what we are really looking for is a letter than not only addresses your character, but that addresses you potential to succeed in our program. This is best accomplished in examples. When you talk with those writing letters for you, please tell them to include examples of your competence. It is one thing to say that someone is smart and capable; it is another to provide solid examples of intelligence and ability in the work place or in the classroom. Be sure that you speak with those writing letters on your behalf and clarify this point. inprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395769749213357739.post-21516424353176863312020-06-28T15:43:00.001-07:002020-06-28T15:43:03.130-07:00How do Video Games Affect Hand Eye Coordination - Free Essay Example Hand-eye coordination means how fast hand reaction speed is in relation with eye reaction speed. The cerebellum is the part of the brain that effects your hand-eye coordination. The cerebellum is used for vision. The cerebellum also keeps people on balance. It is one of three major parts of the brain. The other two are the brainstem and the cerebrum. Of the three parts, it is linked in actions the most. Studies show how many jobs involving actions are preformed better by workers that play video games. For example, it takes a lot of studying and intelligence to be a surgeon, but surgeons who play video games are better at there jobs. If surgeons play video games, then they are thirty-seven percent less likely to make a mistake and and preform the procedure twenty-seven percent faster then non gamers. The University of Toronoto did a study where they tested people that play video games and people that do not usually play video games. The first test, the participants as to ke ep the mouse on a white square. In the beginning, the results were about the same. By the end, the video game players were way better at keeping the mouse on the white square. The results proved that people who play action video game on the regular such as, Call of Duty, Assassins Creed, and Fortnite are better at learning new sensory motor tasks, and improve hand-eye coordination then those who dont play video games. We wanted to understand if chronic video game playing has an effect on sensorimotor control, that is, the coordinated function of vision and hand movement, said graduate student Davood Gozli after the experience. Who led the study with supervisor Jay Pratt. According to The University of Toronto This is likely due to the gamers superior ability in learning a novel sensorimotor pattern, that is, their gaming experience enabled them to learn better than the non-gamers. According to electronics.howstuffworks.com With 67 percent of American households playing them, video games are no longer the exclusive domain of 15-year-old boys who spend Friday nights in damp basements. Video games arent just a time suck for kids who dont want to finish homework The military is running out of UAV pilots. UAVs stands for unmanned aerial vehicle. The military may look to video game players. Li Li and Rongrong Chen along with Jing Chen conducted an experiment were they tested video games players who play both first person shooters and driving games and regular people. Everyone participated in a game were a car controlled by the participants had to stay inside two lines. During the game, wind would randomly blow on the car. The regular people did pretty good on the game, but the gamers were way better. According to pychologytoday.com They also reacted more quickly and more accurately to the crosswinds. inprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395769749213357739.post-70651729418514160182020-05-23T12:38:00.001-07:002020-05-23T12:38:03.962-07:00How Important Was Martin Luther King to the Success of the... How important was Martin Luther King to the success of the civil rights movement? ââ¬ËNothing mattered more to king than being an outstanding preacher. Martin Luther King had an exceptional personal some state. He was a very proud and an outspoken man. He had been ââ¬Ëconditionedââ¬â¢ from the mere age of nine and ordained in a black church for later life purposes (1). At a young age racism surrounded him and was affected first hand. He was abused by a white mill owner purely on the colour of his skin. He also witnessed other black people suffering from violence when he saw a white mob attack and barbarically murder a black man. King was a very opinionated person and became a lead figure head publicly known on a national scale. This came to beâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦As a few white passengers boarded the bus and the white sections were already full so the driver shouted back at four black people including Rosa Parks ââ¬Å"Move yall, I want those two seatsâ⬠. As this demand was made by the driver 3 of the bus riders obeyed to what was shouted b ack, however Rosa Parks remained in her seat and was determined not to move. She was arrested following the bus drivers order and fined ten dollars. This, however small incited a great wave of bus boycotts which in Montgomery black people chose not to ride the bus for a period of 381 days. This still to date is known as the moment in which the civil rights movement started to gain headway. It was the will of one woman who decided it was time for black people to take a stand and from this point on Martin Luther King was assigned to take this boycott on. Although he was assigned to take this on people also felt as he was young, fresh and people had not formulated enough of an opinion of him, there was little room for him to be hated yet so he posed as the right figure to lead this. After the many days of boycotting the case of this transport issue in Alabama went to the Supreme Court. Here it was decided that segregation was declared as unconstitutional so segregation by law was noSho w MoreRelatedMartin Luther King J. And Malcolm X Essay1547 Words à |à 7 Pages1960ââ¬â¢s was an era of major conflict between African Americans and whites in the United States which led to discrimination and disorder in the states. African Americans were fortunate to have outstanding leaders who fought for a difference and change during the Civil Rights movement. Both Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X were two powerful individuals who gave hope to African Americans and oppressed people in the United States. They are both well known individuals for their Civil Rights protestingRead MoreMahatma Gandhi, Martin Luther King, and Nelson Mandela1504 Words à |à 7 Pagesï » ¿Mahatma Gandhi, Martin Luther King, and Nelson Mandela Non-violence is a concept that people participate in social and political change without violence. It is a form of social and political change between passive acceptances and armed struggle. Non-violence way to participate in the social and political change is including nonviolent civil disobedience against, acts of civil disobedience or other powerful influence uncooperative antagonistic form; it is similar with pacifism, but it is notRead MoreBirmingham Campaign Speech Persuasive Speech1639 Words à |à 7 PagesInterviewer: Good evening ladies and gentlemen, please welcome Martin Luther King Jr. Martin Luther King Jr: Good evening, itââ¬â¢s a privilege being here to discuss an important matter with you all. Interviewer: I hear that you re going to talk about the history of Racial Discrimination which happened in Birmingham, 1963. Martin Luther King Jr: Yes, that is true. I believe it is time for the audience to learn the truth about the Birmingham Campaign that happened in 1963. Interviewer: We are tryingRead MoreDr. Martin Luther King Research Paper1430 Words à |à 6 Pages DR. MARTIN LUTHER KING JR. SPEECH ââ¬Å"I HAVE A DREAMâ⬠Martin Luther King Jr. was born on January 15 , 1929 and died on April 4, 1968. He was born Michael Luther King Jr. but decided to change his name to Martin. Both Martin Lutherââ¬â¢s grandfather and father were pastors of the Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta. Martin Luther carried on the tradition and served as pastor from 1960-1968 (Nobel Prize, 1). He was a big part of the civil rights movement for his race. In fact he was the most importantRead MoreMartin Luther King Impact1553 Words à |à 7 PagesThe Civil Rights Movement was the unification between all parts of society, the blacks, the whites, the rich, and the poor. There were several attempts by many people and groups to help bring amalgamation and equality for everyone. Martin Luther King was the key person involved in this movement, with no major competition for the overall leadership of the movement from 1957 to the mid 1960s . He attempted to alleviate the sense of crisis that pervaded America during the Civil Rig hts Era. King was theRead MoreMartin Luther Kingââ¬â¢s Policy of Peaceful Protest Essay1337 Words à |à 6 PagesMartin Luther Kingââ¬â¢s policy of peaceful protest was important because it led to public sympathy of the way black Americans were treated by white Americans an example of this would be the Birmingham campaign (1963), Kennedy said he was sickened by the images of violence and the soviet media used 1/5 of their time to broadcast on it. Other campaigns that where peaceful and effective which were set up or supported by king include The Selma campaign, Montgomery Bus Boycott, the march on Washington, theRead MoreMartin Luther King Essay1422 Words à |à 6 PagesDr Martin Luther King Jr. (1929 ââ¬â 1968) was a Baptist minister turned prominent Civil Rights Movement leader that campaigned for the progression of civil rights in America. In his 13 years of leadership, he and his associates achieved more in attaining racial equality for the African-American populatio n than the combined efforts of activists 350 years prior, through protests, grassroot organising and civil disobedience to achieve their goal of ending racial segregation. During his leadership, fiveRead MoreA Research on The Civil Rights Movement1448 Words à |à 6 Pagesabout the Civil Rights Movement (Martin Luther King Jr. Vs Malcolm X) and will be focusing on two important icons that have an important part of African American History. I am going to further discuss in this research paper, ââ¬Å"What were the views of Martin Luther King. Jr and Malcolm X during the Civil Rights movement? What were their goals and methods to achieve equality and peace?â⬠Both leaders wanted to unite the black race with the white race and achieve equal rights. Martin Luther King. Jr andRead MoreEssay on Analysis of Martin Luther Kings 1219 Words à |à 5 Pagesand influential are the best adjectives to explain Letter from Birmingham Jail. Martin Luther King Jrs astuteness is enhanced by th e astonishing capability to show the unkind and heartless attitude against black community. Throughout the whole writing to the eight clergymen Jr. never get too far from the clash for fairness in Birmingham. As head of the South Christians Leadership Conferences (SCLC), Martin L. King, Junior., in the year 1963 acknowledged Birmingham, Alabama, as possibly the mostRead MoreFamous Thinkers Essay1309 Words à |à 6 PagesThinkers Paper: Bill Gates and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. PHL/458 Mr. McDuffie October 2, 2012 While exploring history and trying to realize the famous thinkers of our society, countless men and women stand out. Famous thinkers are individuals who used determination and critical thinking to overcome hard times in order to do well. The two famous thinkers that thrust out in my mind are Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., and Bill Gates. In this inprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395769749213357739.post-57245955099847878382020-05-19T01:08:00.001-07:002020-05-19T01:08:03.502-07:00The Pattern Of Juvenile Delinquency Is Strain Theory Another relevant theory in regards to the pattern of juvenile delinquency is Strain Theory. In 1938, Robert Merton developed the theory of Strain to describe how social structures within society may pressure citizens (low socioeconomic status) to commit crimes. Merton felt that too much pressure to achieve goals, such as financial well-being, led to behaviors such as selling drugs. Mertonââ¬â¢s theory relates to juvenile delinquency in that adolescents might experience overwhelming stress or pressure in their peer groups to have more money, to fit in, or to be influential. These social stressors will perpetuate delinquency because the teens will want to participate in criminal activity to solve such problems. In 1992, Robert Agnewâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦There are two types of strain theoryââ¬âobjective strain and subjective strain. Objective strain results from events that have become stressful such as the passing of a family member (Huck, Spraitz, Bowers, Morris, 201 7). Subjective strain is what an individual sees as stressful for their own self (Huck, Spraitz, Bowers, Morris, 2017). Latinos in the United States are growing at a fast rate. According to the 2007 United States Census Bureau, Latinos comprise about 14.7% of the population. Latinos have socio-cultural differences that have impacted research. For an example, there are only certain geographical locations where the majority of Latinos are located (Rodriguez Belshaw, 2010). The educational levels for Latinos are lower and the amount of income Latinos bring in is also substantially lower. Latinos also share different traditional values such as familism, respect, honor, brotherhood, and gender role differences (Rodriguez Belshaw, 2010). The social and cultural differences of Latinos may lead them to encounter a different set of stressors that can affect the juvenile delinquency of the Latino population (Rodriguez Belshaw, 2010). A study conducted by Mazerolle and Maash using data fro m the National Youth Survey examined if the stresses that Latinos experience on account of exposure to delinquent peers or values affect deviant behavior of Latino Youths (Rodriguez Belshaw, 2010). The study argued that theShow MoreRelatedThe Relationship Between Social Class and Delinquency Essays1498 Words à |à 6 Pagespreconceived notions regarding the relationship between social class and delinquency. A common assumption is that lower-class juveniles are more likely to engage in delinquent behavior than their higher-class counterparts. Criminologists have performed a large number of studies examining the socio-demographic characteristics of delinquents, which often yielded contradictory results. When analyzing the extent and trend of juvenile delinquency in the United States conclusions can be drawn from estimates derivedRead MoreThe General Strain Theory And Juvenile Delinquency1715 Words à |à 7 PagesIntroduction The general strain theory is an established theory that provides a basic understanding relating to different elements leading to specific criminal behaviors. The theory has been of importance in trying to map criminal patterns among individuals involved in criminal behavior, thereby creating a platform for their rehabilitation. The general strain theory has had a close connection to juvenile delinquency, as it creates a platform where psychologists can define some of the key factorsRead MoreCauses Of Juvenile Delinquency. Authors John Hagan And1601 Words à |à 7 PagesCauses of Juvenile Delinquency Authors John Hagan and Bill McCarthy of Cambridge University offer an insight between the relationship between juveniles and their participation to criminal activities. According to them, the primary theories they employed in understanding the dynamics of youth taking to the street are control theory and strain theory (Benjamin, 1999). Through control theory, the authors point out erratic parenting, family deprivation, neglect and abuse and other forms of parental rejectionRead MoreThe Revival of the Strain Theory Essay1272 Words à |à 6 PagesResearchers are constantly looking for explanations for criminal patterns and crime rates among juveniles. They have presented many theories to serve as such explanations with strain theory being one of them; however, like many other theories, strain theory was pushed aside decades ago. It was not until recently that this theory was given new life by criminologist, Robert Agnew. Robert Agnew introduced this new development as the general str ain theory. GST was the first supposition that was not tied to socialRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency A Sociological Approach1408 Words à |à 6 PagesA juvenile delinquent is an individual under the age of eighteen years old who fails to abide by the law. When identifying the causes of juvenile delinquency society can slow down or prevent the behavior by using strategies. The quality of peers, family, parenting, community and school area can all be predictors of juvenile delinquency. Theories help us explain why juveniles are engaging in delinquent behavior and it is important to understand why because it helps us explain the motives for theirRead MoreThe Theories Of Crime Causation Essay1414 Words à |à 6 Pages Theories of Crime Causation Dolores Jackson Williams Colorado Technical University Juvenile offender 1. Biological theory states that the individual will have certain traits will be transmitted from parent to children through genetics and not from social learning. Along with the juvenile having similar facial characteristics, which some believe also predisposes them to criminal behavior (Palmerin, 2012). 2. Rational choice theory states that the person will make sensible and reasonableRead MoreThe Chicago School Of Sociology1624 Words à |à 7 Pagesin rich and intriguing detail particular events and processes from their experience of being immersed with actual participants and getting to know their situated life patterns and belief systemsâ⬠(ââ¬Å"The Chicago Schoolâ⬠, n.d.). The main purpose of this research is to ascertain if the Chicago school of sociology and ââ¬Å"General Strain Theory (GST) share any type of relationship in regards to stress, criminal behavior that leads to crime, negative emotions base on the community in which they reside, and failureRead MoreThe Legal System Of School1438 Words à |à 6 PagesThrough the seventeenth and eighteenth century, multiple developments that occurred in England aided in the advancements and recognition of childrenââ¬â¢s rights. Over time, these advancements affected the juvenile legal system as it emerged in Ameri ca. These changes include changes in family style and child care, the English Poor Laws, the apprenticeship movement, and the role of the chancery court. (Siegel and Welsh) Changes in family structure made a huge difference with childrenââ¬â¢s rights. MarriageRead MoreJuvenile criminal gangs have long been a significant issue with the criminal justice establishment.1100 Words à |à 5 PagesJuvenile criminal gangs have long been a significant issue with the criminal justice establishment. Youths coming together to commit criminal acts normally attributed to adult and more vicious criminal organizations are now being routinely committed by juveniles. The reasons for these youths in committing the activities have somewhat baffled author tries as well as scholars and researchers. It must be noted however, that juvenile delinquency is not new; laws in the past have sought to control theRead MoreThe Strain Theory of Understanding Juvenile Delinquency Essay1879 Words à |à 8 Pageshave researched and hypothesized the main contributing factors that promote juvenile delinquency. The Strain/ Anomie theory introduced by Robert Merton and later revised by s everal other theorists, attempts to explain why juvenile subculture tend to behave certain ways when confronted with pressures from everyday life. Revised by other theorists, the Strain theory attempts to provide the framework of juvenile delinquency and its sources in order to analyze the effectiveness of this assumption, as inprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395769749213357739.post-86978772782701070582020-05-12T07:57:00.001-07:002020-05-12T07:57:04.106-07:00West Side Story and Romeo and Juliet - Free Essay Example Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1184 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/03/13 Category Literature Essay Level High school Topics: Romeo and Juliet Essay William Shakespeare Essay Did you like this example? West Side Story and Romeo and Juliet both revolve around two rival groups and/or gangs. The film Romeo and Juliet (1968) is about two rival families, the Montagues and the Capulets, whose family feuds have gone so far back in their history that they forget the fuel behind their disputes. In West Side Story, the film involves two rival gangs: The Jets, a gang of Caucasian teenagers, and the Sharks, a gang of Puerto Rican immigrants. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "West Side Story and Romeo and Juliet" essay for you Create order Their feud begins when the Sharks try to invade the Jetsââ¬â¢ territory in Manhattan, New York. In both storylines, a boy and a girl of opposing groups fall in love with each other despite the groups differences; But in return, their love results in their death. Between the two films, a direct comparison between the characters can be clearly observed. Tony, from West Side Story, matches Romeoââ¬â¢s character, while Maria matches the character of Juliet. Bernardo can be portrayed as Tybalt with his temper and need to fight, while Riff is compared to Mercutioââ¬â¢s personality similar to that of a jester. From West Side Story, Anita can be seen as the nurse, watching over Maria/Juliet, and Chino is in direct comparison of Paris; They are supposed to marry the key girl. Maria is set up to marry Chino, exactly like Juliet is supposed to marry Paris. In the films, the meeting of the lovers ultimately starts with a dance in which both Romeo/Tony are convinced by Mercutio/Riff to come, but for different reasons. Mercutio wants Romeo to go and forget about Rosaline by seeing the other women, while Riff needs Tony to go to help with the rivalry of the Sharks. Tony and Maria meet and experience ââ¬Å"love at first sightâ⬠just like Romeo and Juliet at the dance. They dance together and share a kiss before they are separated and realize that they are from rival families. In both cases, a balcony scene is present. In West Side Story, T ony actually climbs the balcony and makes physical contact with Maria. Those are the major similarities between West Side Story and Romeo and Juliet. In addition to the plot structures, similar themes are present in West Side Story and Romeo and Juliet. The idea that blinded love can lead to rash decisions is highly present in both storylines. It is present in Romeo and Juliet in a sense that within simply meeting each other, Romeo and Juliet believe they fell in love with one another. Romeo proclaims, ââ¬Å"Did my heart love till now? Forswear it, sight! For I neer saw true beauty till this night,â⬠forgetting all about Rosaline: the very woman he claims to have loved no less than five minutes prior. Juliet tells the nurse, ââ¬Å"Go ask his name. If he be married, my grave is like to be my wedding bed,â⬠showing that she already wants to be married. Because of their love for each other, Romeo and Juliet think they cannot live without one another. Romeo and Juliet both end up killing themselves because they believe that they, themselves, cannot live without each other. Parallelism within the theme of Romeo and Juliet i s present in West Side Story. Tony and Maria kiss each and cannot bear to be without the other immediately preceding having just met. Tony, needing to see her again, goes to her balcony and they end up confessing their love for one another. Maria tells Tony to meet her at the bridal shop where she works the next day. During this time, they practically have their unofficial wedding in that very shop. Tony then goes to find Chino after believing Maria is dead but at the last second, he and Maria find each other and go in for a loving embrace; However, Chino shoots Tony in that very moment. Maria does not end up killing herself but does grieve over Tonyââ¬â¢s death and eventually moves on. The demonstration of the thought that blind love can lead to rash decisions is present in both Romeo and Juliet and West Side Story. On the contrary, West Side Story and Romeo and Juliet have several differences between the two. For example, the actual rivalry is between opposing gangs in West Side Story, not families. The Montagues and Capulets of Romeo and Juliet have been fighting for so many generations that it becomes natural for them to want to fight each other. They have no purpose behind their feud besides family hate. In West Side Story, the feud begins when the Sharks begin to intrude in the Jetsââ¬â¢ turf. Another big difference between the two films is the fight scenes. In Romeo and Juliet, Romeo acts impulsive when Tybalt kills Mercutio and proceeds to kill Tybalt right after. In West Side Story, Tony doesnââ¬â¢t kill Bernardo after Bernardo stabs Riff with his knife. Tony simply impales Bernardo with the knife and runs off. One of the most critical pieces to the storyline between the two films is that Romeo gets banished, whereas in West Side Story, Tony gets no immediate repercussions for his actions. He is not banished and does not go to jail, ultimately nothing happened to Tony. Without any harsh punishment, Maria does not become quite as depressed and expresses a will to live. Another significant difference is in the death scenes in each film. In Romeo and Juliet, Romeo kills himself because he believes Juliet is dead, and Juliet also commits suicide with Romeoââ¬â¢s dagger because she sees that Romeo is dead. In West Side Story, Tony does not commit suicide because, instead, he is shot by Chino right before embracing Maria. Since he is shot he does end up dying, yet this does not lead Maria to take her own life. Maria ends up forgiving the two gangs and moving on with her life. That is ultimately the biggest difference between the two films. In addition, Paris also dies along with Romeo and Juliet. In West Side Story, Chino is the one who kills Tony, yet he himself does not die. As a result, the moviesââ¬â¢ twists result in a more interested audience for West Side Story due to the contemporary setting as oppose to Romeo and Juliet. It uses an abundance of modern day words and phrases that people can understand better and faster than Shakespeareââ¬â¢s English. Also, modern-choreographed dances shown in West Side Story are more common than big formal balls as shown in Romeo and Juliet. The dancing and singing is very entertaining to watch, and it is a good tactic for keeping the audienceââ¬â¢s attention throughout the film. The fights throughout the dances are humorous and keep the audienceââ¬â¢s attention rather well. West Side Story is meant to grasp the attention of young adults the most. All the characters are teenagers in the musical. Being a teenager is a big part of oneââ¬â¢s life; One can experience love, danger, and have many opportunities to make huge choices. The characters of West Side Story encounter all those experiences, which hel ps in relating to teenagers the most. inprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395769749213357739.post-20434518625264358572020-05-06T21:26:00.001-07:002020-05-06T21:26:05.512-07:00Essay on Ethnography on Cambodian Americans - 903 Words I chose Cambodian Americans for my target culture because it was a place I knew very little about. My ignorance of that side of the world is laughable to say the least. Cambodian American was a great choice because both the people and the culture are very captivating to me. While some Cambodian Americans become very westernized, accepting most of Americaââ¬â¢s cultural norms, some hold strong to their Cambodian traditions and way of life. Through Geert Hofstedeââ¬â¢s Taxonomy, I will explore the dynamics of the Cambodian American culture. Through Identity, Hierarchy, Gender, Truth and Virtue I will attempt to describe a culture previously virtually unknown to me. I chose Hofstedeââ¬â¢s Taxonomy over Bondââ¬â¢s because Michael Bond himself told me to.â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦While most Cambodian Americans are loyal to their own family units it is not uncommon for them to be hesitant about close interaction with strangers even other Cambodians. The hesitation that so me Cambodian Americans face when meeting with strangers is due to the fact that the Cambodian culture is one of high power distance. Hierarchy is determined usually by age or economic status. Social hierarchy of age is evident in the greetings. Depending on who you are greeting determines the type of greeting. If one were to greet someone who is Cambodian, they should do the formal put hands together and bow. At chest level to someone who is of the same age or status, at mouth level to a superior such as a boss and at nose level to someone who is an elder, such as a grandparent. (Vorani) If greeting someone who isnââ¬â¢t Cambodian, we just normally do the American ââ¬Å"hiâ⬠while waving. It just really depends. For the Cambodian culture, we have to make sure we greet using again the hands together while bowing especially to those who are older than your parents. You also have to say a formal saying in Khmer but I forgot the translation for it in one must to refer them as ââ¬Å"mingâ⬠, ââ¬Å"bouâ⬠, or ââ¬Å"ormâ⬠. This is based on both age and gender. (Eam) There is a clear delineation between superiors and subordinates and between the young and the old. (Serpa) While the Cambodian culture itself is more feminine there is a high level of respect paid to the men of the household. The inprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395769749213357739.post-35131381444348942772020-05-06T12:05:00.001-07:002020-05-06T12:05:50.297-07:00Nonsmokers A Prospective Study Free Essays In 2006, Rudolf bertagnoli and his team published a study investigating the effects of smoking on patients who have undergone Lumbar total disc arthroplasty. ââ¬Å"Smoking has always been considered to a negative predictor for fusion surgery.â⬠(Bertagnoli. We will write a custom essay sample on Nonsmokers: A Prospective Study or any similar topic only for you Order Now R, 2006) Not many studies have been undertaken to observe effects of smoking on the procedure of Total arthroplasty and the recovery afterwards in smoking and non smoking patients. Some research suggests that smoking prevents or reduces the bones ability to grow into the prosthesis. Delay in recovery and decrease in over all success of the implantation procedure have also been blamed on smoking. (ProDisc Total Disc Replacement, 2008) ââ¬Å"The aim of the study was to evaluate the changes in functional and disability outcomes within a period of two years minimum in smoking and nonsmoking patients who have undergone the artificial disc replacement therapy.â⬠(Bertagnoli. R, 2006) The Null hypothesis and the Alternate hypothesis proposed were as follows. Null Hypothesis: Smoking has no detrimental effect on success of artificial disc replacement (ADR). Alternate Hypothesis: ââ¬Å"Smoking has a detrimental effect on the success of artificial disc replacement (ADR).â⬠(Bertagnoli. R, 2006) A cohort study was conducted with an initial sample of 110 patients between March 2000 and April 2002. The inclusion criteria for the sampling included, smokers and non smokers, age between 18-65 years, ââ¬Å"disabling low back pain and some radicular pain secondary to single-level lumbar spondylosisâ⬠(Bertagnoli. R, 2006) , patients undergoing minimum of 2 year follow up and assessment, and lastly failure of medical treatment. They excluded ââ¬Å"patients with spinal stenosis, osteoporosis, prior fusion surgery, chronic infections, metal allergies, facet arthrosis, inadequate vertebral endplate size, more than one level of spondylosis, neuromuscular disease, pregnancy, Workersââ¬â¢ Compensation, spinal litigation, body mass index greater than 35, and/or any isthmic.â⬠(Bertagnoli. R, 2006) Patientââ¬â¢s smoking status was recorded through questionnaires. Preoperative aspects of the lumbar anomaly were recorded radiographically. Outcome measurements were recorded at 3rd, 6th, 12th and the 24th month after undergoing the procedure. The procedure success and recovery progression was noted using the Visual Analog Score (VAS) and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Questionnaires recording the back pain, pain drugs usage and patient satisfaction were also used. Preoperative and postoperative radiographical assessment of the back was also used to observe the recovery progression in both, the smoking and non smoking group of patients. Dependent variables included Smoking and Non smoking group. Whereas the independent variables included VAS, ODI, patient satisfaction, leg pain, work rates (postoperative), and drugs used postoperatively. Statistical analysis was done as it was found that even though there was significant changes between preoperative and postoperative variable like VAS, ODI, patient satisfaction, relief of leg pain work rate etc but no statistically significant differences were found between these outcomes of smoking patients when compared with nonsmokers. Therefore, the study fails to reject the null hypothesis, which still stands, i.e. ââ¬Å"Smoking has no detrimental effect on success of artificial disc replacement (ADR).â⬠(Bertagnoli. R, 2006) The research was conducted in a controlled manner excluded many bias.à But further studies need to be conducted with larger sample sizes to further explore the role of smoking if any, in the success of disc replacement. Also there is need for exploring the link between blood levels of nicotine and success of procedure as well as the effects of smoking and indicators of bone adherence to the prosthesis needs to be further conducted. Couple of questions that come to mind, if nicotine plays such great inhibiting effect on the bone and collagen growth as the study claims, then why wasnââ¬â¢t the effect of smokingà on growth factors and their monitoring not included in the study. Also, if as the researchers claim, that nicotine has an analgesic effect on patient, was it not included as a component in the study? REFERENCES Bertagnoli. R., Yue. J.J., Kershaw.T, Shah.R, V., Pfeiffer. F, Fenk-Mayer, A, et al. (2006). Lumbar Total Disc Arthroplasty Utilizing the ProDisc Prosthesis in Smokers versus Nonsmokers: A Prospective Study with 2-Year Minimum Follow-up. Spine, 3, 992-997. ProDisc Total Disc Replacement (2008).à Spine Service- Sydney, Australia, retrieved on February 29th, 2008, from http://www.spine-service.org/dr.html ; ; ; ; ; How to cite Nonsmokers: A Prospective Study, Essay examples inprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395769749213357739.post-5063746759304877962020-05-06T05:17:00.001-07:002020-05-06T05:17:13.663-07:00Financial Performance of Watley Company â⬠MyAssignmenthelp.com Question: Discuss about the Financial Performance of Watley Company. Answer: Introduction In every business, there is always a concern for the financial performance and what measures are needed to improve the financial performance of the organization. There are many ways to analyse the business performance and among them ratio analysis is very useful as it helps to evaluate the performance of the current year as well it helps to compare it with the financial performance of previous years. In this report financial performance of the Watley Company has evaluated using the ratio analysis in part A and comments are made on the financial performance of the company in part B with some recommendation. Ratio Analysis of the Watley Company: Liquidity Analysis Liquidity analysis helps in ascertaining the short term financial health of the company and provides the information on how the company manages the payments in respect to the current liabilities. Some of the important ratios of the liquidity analysis are current ratio, quick ratio, and working capital ratio. In this report there is need to calculate the ratio for each category so current ratio has been selected (Bender, 2013). Current Ratio: It is very important liquidity ratio as it provides availability of the current assets over the current liabilities. Current ratio measures the liquidity performance of the company provides the information about the short term performance in respect to payment required to make to suppliers and other short term liabilities. Formula: Current Assets/Current Liabilities Watley Company Financial Data Years Financial Items 2014 2015 Current Assets 300,000.00 480,000.00 Current Liabilities 270,000.00 210,000.00 Current Ratio 1.11 2.29 Activity Analysis In order to carry out the business there is need to carry out various activities in order to have sufficient flow of cash and other resources in the business process. Some of the important activities that business performed to maintain proper flow of cash in the business are inventory management, debtors management and creditors management. In this respect some of important activity ratios are inventory turnover ratio, debtors turnover ratio etc. In this analysis debtors turnover ratio will be calculated to notice the performance of the company in respect to collection of outstanding amount form the debtors (Besley and Brigham, 2014). Debtors turnover ratio or accounts receivable turnover ratio: This ratio is very important from financial performance point of view as it provides information on frequently company collects their outstanding debt amount from their customers in order to have proper flow of cash in the business. Formula: Average Credit sales or Sales /Account Receivable or Debtors Watley Company Financial Data Years Financial Items 2014 2015 Account Receivable 160,000.00 260,000.00 Sales 3,290,000.00 3,520,000.00 Debtors turnover ratio 20.56 13.54 Profitability Analysis Profitability analysis aims to examine the earning capacity of the company through effective use of the resources of the company. Company procures various inventory and fixed assets to manufacture the desired product and services in order to supply them to the customers. Proper management of assets will help the company to earn the maximum sales revenue and provide increase in the profit for the shareholders. In order provide the profitability analysis, the return on asset ratio has been calculated as it is very important ratio in this segment (Brigham and Ehrhardt, 2007). Return on Assets: In this ratio return means the percentage of profit earned using the resources of the business. As the ratio is in relation of the assets, this ratio will provide information regarding the percentage of the profit earned on the assets of the company. Here profit means the net profit of the company and asset means total assets i.e. both fixed assets and current assets. Formula: Net Profit/Total Assets Watley Company Financial Data Years Financial Items 2014 2015 Net Profit 400,000.00 300,000.00 Total Assets 1,550,000.00 1,630,000.00 Return on Assets 25.81% 18.40% Solvency / Gearing Analysis Capital structure in the any business organization plays very important role in the profitability of the company. There are mainly two types of capital, debt capital and equity capital. Equity capital refers to the owner capitals and there is no fixed charge on this capital. On the other hand debt capital is the borrowed capital and company has charge on the profit in form of the interest. Debt equity ratio will be calculated in this analysis to check the percentage of debt as compare to equity capital (Henderson, 2015). Debt Equity Ratio: This ratio tells the percentage of debt capital as against the equity capital. Lower debt capital in comparison to the equity capital shows that company depends on the equity capital mainly and more profit available for distribution to the shareholders of the company. Formula: Debt /Equity Watley Company Financial Data Years Financial Items 2014 2015 Debt 200,000.00 200,000.00 Equity 1,080,000.00 1,220,000.00 Debt Equity Ratio 18.52% 16.39% Financial Analysis In this part, critical analysis of the above calculated ratios will be done: Current Ratio: Current ratio of the company was 1.11 times in year 2014 and it was increased to 2.29 times in year 2015 that indicates that there is significant increase in the current assets of the company as against current liabilities. So it can be said that liquidity performance of the company is very strong in year 2015 as compared to year 2016. Although, it can be said that in both years company has been successfully able to meet the current liabilities expenses. Debtors turnover ratio: The debtors turnover ratio is 20.56 times in year 2014 and it was further reduced to 13.54 times in year 2015 that indicates that company activity efficiency is reduced in year 2015 as compared to year 2014. Return on Assets: Company has earned the profit of 25.81 % in year 2014 and it was reduced to 18.40 % in year 2015. It can be said that profitability of the company in respect to return on assets was good but there has been too much decline in profitability percentage in year 2015 as compared to year 2014. Debt Equity Ratio: Debt equity ratio is 18.52 % in year 2014 and got reduced to 16.39 % in year 2015. It can be said that capital formation of the company was excellent in both the years and there is positive decline in year 2015 that shows positive change in the capital formation of the company. Recommendation and conclusion On the basis of the overall analysis it is advised to the company to make proper strategies to collect the accounts receivable in shorter period of time in order to improve the debtors turnover ratio. There seem that company profit has declined in year 2015, so it is advised to have proper control on the expenses of the company like cost of sales and salaries wages has increased a lot in year 2015 as compared to year 2014, that can be easily controlled if proper measures taken. References Bender, R. (2013). Corporate Financial Strategy. Routledge. Besley, S. and Brigham, E. (2014). Principles of Finance. Cengage Learning. Brigham, E. and Ehrhardt, M. (2007). Financial Management: Theory Practice. Cengage Learning. Henderson, S., Peirson, G., Herbohn, K. and Howieson, B. (2015). Issues in Financia Accounting. Pearson Higher Education AU. inprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395769749213357739.post-70650862990447874562020-05-01T22:42:00.001-07:002020-05-01T22:42:03.644-07:00Java Programming Principles Questions: Task 11.1 Discuss the principles, characteristics and features of programming in Java.1.2 Critically evaluate the environmental flexibility of programming in Java.Task 22.1 Design a Java programming solution based on the above scenario.2.2 Explain the components, data and file structures required to implement a given design.Task 33.1 Implement a Java programming solution based on a prepared design.3.2 Define relationships between objects to implement design requirements3.3 Implement object behaviours using control structures to meet the design algorithms.3.4 Identify and implement opportunities for error handling and reporting.3.5 Make effective use of an integrated development environment including code and screen templatesTask 44.1 Critically review and test a Java programming solution.4.2 Analyse test results against expected results to identify discrepancies.4.3 Evaluate independent feedback on a developed Java program solution and make recommendations for improvements.4.4 Create user documentation for the development of Java programming solution.4.5 Create technical documentation for the support and maintenance of a Java programming solution Answers: Introduction Java is an example of an OOP (Object Oriented Program) (Klein, 2005). So it must support all the basic principles of an OOP language (Okal, 2012). Thus the principles of java and hence of an OOP language is- Encapsulation: This means binding together of date and then putting them under a single block. In a car, there are a large number of systems that co-exist together(Mittal, 2013). Changing the gears does not turn on the headlights and bulling brakes does not accelerate the car. Hence all these systems are at the same place and are controlled by a single person (driver) but none is interfering with each other with their functioning. The basic example of encapsulation can be obtained from the classes that are used in java. These classes contain the entire block of code within them and no other program can access them unless specific rules are followed. If the methods of a class are declared private, them they cannot be overwritten(Lakkis, 2007). Also if a class is declared private, then the class can only be inherited and no object creation can be allowed for that class anywhere within the program. Hence that class and its methods are protected by encapsulation (Rebek, 2005). Inheritance: This is another OOP principle which enables the program to inherit the properties from another class (Flanagan, 2005). The inherited class is called the parent class while the classes that inherit the parent class are termed as child class. Now for inheritance the child class gets all the methods and variables of the parent class. Also the Object of the parent class can be created with the reference of the child (Raposa, 2003). There are two forms of inheritance-multiple, multi-level. In multiple inheritances, more than one class can be inherited at the same time. Consider an example in case of an airport an aircraft uses its landing gear to make turns, take-off, and land on the landing strip. Also it is primarily used for flying. In that respect the aircraft is a flying vehicle and it is also a ground-vehicle (since it can move on the landing strips) (Link and Frlich, 2003). Hence the aircraft inherits the properties of both these classes at the same time. This is multiple inheritan ces. In multi-level inheritances, only one class can be inherited a t a time. But there is a type of hierarchy.This means that if A class inherits B, then C inherits A, C gets the methods of A by default. Example golden retriever is a dog, which in turn is a mammal which in turn is an animal. So this makes Golden terrier a mammal, an animal, and also a dog (Cadenhead, 2012). This is termed as multi-level inheritance. Polymorphism: This word comes from the Greek words poly meaning means many, morph means form. Hence polymorphism means many forms (Eckel, 2000). This means that a single problem in java can be approached from three different ends. In a normal programming language, that does not implement any OOP principles (Link and Frlich, 2003), if we were to implement a stack for different data types, then we would have needed 3 or four different structures with different names. In each case the same algorithm is being used only the data types used are different. But in JAVA we can name all these under the same implementation of stack (Sierra and Bates, 2005). Hence our work is greatly reduced and we are also able to use the same name for different implementations of the same program. In JAVA polymorphism is simply implanted by the use of interfaces (Byrne and Cross, 2009). If a class implements an interface then it must implement the methods that are written in the interface. Characteristics of java: It is simple to code and decode. It is an object oriented programming language (Hubbard, 2001). It is highly secure. It can be implemented on any form of machine. The main reason for this is java compiles the program into byte code (Riccardi, 2001). Now this byte code file is not compiler dependent, hence the file can run on Windows, Linux, and Mac etc. It has in-built support for multithreading. The most important part of java program comes from its usage to code applets and hence is used extensively for coding websites. It can be used to code and run graphical applications. It is robust as it is error-free and has severe typing restrictions and also various run-time checking methods are used (Wampler, 2002). It supports the use of interfaces. It can be easily linked to any other program. There is inbuilt support for garbage collection and it has a very simplified exception handling capabilities. Task 1.2 JAVA provides a great flexibility to the programmers. Often when we create program, other people may change the basic functions created, or overwrite them. This may lead to crashing of the program (Horstmann, 2008). In JAVA, this problem is completely avoided by adding the prefix final; as a result this class or method to which the prefix is added cannot be altered in any way. Also the use of interfaces makes programming easier (Horstmann, 2005). Any class in java that implements the interface must overwrite the methods that are mentioned within the interface. Also the use of keyword abstract, allows the user to use declared methods without any sort of body. Also any class that inherits this abstract class must override this method within it. The garbage correction algorithm of java is also very unique and advanced. There is no need for releasing the allocated memories (as in case of C++), because in java, when the compiler cannot find the reference of any object it deletes the objec t any kind of variables that it was holding (Morelli, 2000). Also the exception handling capabilities of java is extremely helpful. In C, when there was an arithmetic exception like division by 0, the program used to hang and had to be stopped manually, but in JAVA, the program gives the location of the place and also the cause of the problem and exits the program. This is extremely helpful for debugging large programs. Task 2.1 The above task has told us to design a java program that can act as a student database manager. It must be able to take in the students first name, last name, their date of birth, their ID number, course enrolled by them, mobile number, their address etc (Lewis and Chase, 2005). Now the administrator must be able to view the details of any student he wishes. He must also be able to delete the entire database, or a single student, update and also enter the details of any student. In order to do all this with a JAVA program, we must first build a class named student that can contain these variables with data within it. This class can then be manipulated from the main class by creating an object for each student. Then all these objects must be linked somehow to form an entire list of students which are really classes with each one holding their own respective data. Also care must be taken to note that the entire system can only handle a maximum number of students. Task 2.2 In the given problem, we are describing a class named Student that has the variables for holding data like last name, first name, DOB, Address, mobile number, etc. All these variables have their respective data types like address is stored in a string, DOB in float, etc. Now, in the main program named, StudentDatabaseManagement an array of Student objects are created of size 200. This means that the database is capable of holding 200 students. This number can be increased or decreased by editing the array size of the object array in the main program. Now, we use a switch case algorithm which allows us to have many options like entering details of a student, clearing the database, deleting a student, viewing the students etc. In the main program, we have a special variable that is used to track the number the number of students. This number is incremented when a new student is admitted to the database. Now also in each student object there is a variable to track the number at which he / she has been admitted into the database. This is important because in case of deletion, a space in the middle of the array is empty (Deitel and Deitel, 2012). Hence, in such a case we must shift the students below that space to make the array a continuous one with no empty spaces in between. As a result the array can only be empty from the end. There should not be any gap in between the array to conserve the space. The algorithm required to shift the students one space above is located under the case that is responsible for deleting the students and it also decrements the variable that is used to track the total number of students in the array. Also, proper control checks are provided at each level so that the age limit for entry into the institution can be set. This is done by using a variable that holds the year after which the candidate must be born in order to take admission. If the year is before that specified a error message is displayed. Various exception checks are also p rovided so that proper data is entered into the proper cases. When the entire database is empty, then a proper error message is displayed and similar thing when the database is empty. Task 3.1 The code of the main program is given below. It consists of two classes namely Student, StudenyDatabaseManagement (main class). StudenyDatabaseManagement packagestudentdatabasemanagement; importjava.util.Scanner; public class StudentDatabaseManagement extends Exception{ public static void main(String[] args) { int index=0; int cases; boolean switching=true; intallowed_date=1988;//sets age limit for entry Student[] studentdatabase=new Student[200]; Student[] studentdatabasecopy=new Student[200]; for(int i=0;i10;i++) { studentdatabase[i]=new Student(); studentdatabasecopy[i]=new Student(); } Scanner s=new Scanner(System.in); while(switching){ System.out.println("Enter your choice:n1)Enter Studentn2)See all Studentsn3)see single Student detail"); System.out.println("4)Delete all studentsn5)Updaten6)Delete single studentn7)Exit"); System.out.println("Enter your choice"); cases=s.nextInt(); switch(cases){ case 1: { try { if(index==10){ throw new Exception(); } } catch(Exception a){ System.out.println("Database full"); } index++; studentdatabase[index]=new Student(); System.out.println("Enter the roll number of the student(max 10 digits):"); studentdatabase[index].stud_roll=s.nextInt(); s.nextLine(); System.out.print("Enter the last name of the student:"); studentdatabase[index].stud_lastname=s.nextLine(); System.out.print("nEnter the course under which student is enrolled:"); studentdatabase[index].stud_course=s.nextLine(); System.out.println("Enter the month when student was born in digits:"); studentdatabase[index].stud_mon=s.nextInt(); while(studentdatabase[index].stud_mon12) { System.out.println("Wrong Data, Re-Enter:"); studentdatabase[index].stud_mon=s.nextInt(); } System.out.println("Enter the date when student was born in digits:"); studentdatabase[index].stud_date=s.nextInt(); while(studentdatabase[index].stud_date31||(studentdatabase[index].stud_date28studentdatabase[index].stud_mon==2)) { System.out.println("Wrong Data, Re-Enter:"); studentdatabase[index].stud_date=s.nextInt(); } System.out.println("Enter the year when student was born in digits:"); studentdatabase[index].stud_year=s.nextInt(); if(studentdatabase[index].stud_yearallowed_date) { System.out.println("Your ward is not admissable"); switching=false; break; } s.nextLine(); System.out.print("Enter the first name of the student:"); studentdatabase[index].stud_firstname=s.nextLine(); System.out.println("nEnter the mobile number of the student:"); studentdatabase[index].stud_mob_no=s.nextLong(); s.nextLine(); System.out.print("Enter the address of the student:"); studentdatabase[index].stud_add=s.nextLine(); studentdatabase[index].stud_no=index; break; } case 2: { if(index==0){ System.out.println("Database Empty"); } else { for(int count=1;count=index;count++){ System.out.println("Name of student: "+studentdatabase[count].stud_firstname+" "+studentdatabase[index].stud_lastname); System.out.println("Roll no: "+studentdatabase[count].stud_roll); System.out.println("Course enrolled: "+studentdatabase[count].stud_course); System.out.println("DOB: "+studentdatabase[count].stud_date+"/"+studentdatabase[count].stud_mon+"/"+studentdatabase[count].stud_mon); System.out.println("Address: "+studentdatabase[count].stud_add); System.out.println("Mob no: "+studentdatabase[count].stud_mob_no); } } break; } case 3: { try{ if(index==0){ throw new Exception(); } } catch(Exception a){ System.out.println("Database is empty."); break; } int roll2; System.out.println("Enter student roll no:"); roll2=s.nextInt(); for(int count=1;count=index;count++){ if(studentdatabase[count].stud_roll==roll2){ System.out.println("Name of student:"+studentdatabase[count].stud_firstname+" "+studentdatabase[index].stud_lastname); System.out.println("Roll no:"+studentdatabase[count].stud_roll); System.out.println("Course enrolled:"+studentdatabase[count].stud_course); System.out.println("DOB: "+studentdatabase[count].stud_date+"/"+studentdatabase[count].stud_mon+"/"+studentdatabase[count].stud_mon); System.out.println("Address"+studentdatabase[count].stud_add); System.out.println("Mob no:"+studentdatabase[count].stud_mob_no); break; } } break; } case 4: index=0; break; case 5: { System.out.println("Enter the roll number to update the records"); int roll=s.nextInt(); for(int i=1;i=index;i++) { if(roll==studentdatabase[i].stud_roll) { System.out.println("Enter the roll number of the student(max 10 digits):"); studentdatabase[index].stud_roll=s.nextInt(); s.nextLine(); System.out.print("Enter the last name of the student:"); studentdatabase[index].stud_lastname=s.nextLine(); System.out.print("nEnter the course under which student is enrolled:"); studentdatabase[index].stud_course=s.nextLine(); System.out.println("Enter the month when student was born in digits:"); studentdatabase[index].stud_mon=s.nextInt(); while(studentdatabase[index].stud_mon12) { System.out.println("Wrong Data, Re-Enter:"); studentdatabase[index].stud_mon=s.nextInt(); } System.out.println("Enter the date when student was born in digits:"); studentdatabase[index].stud_date=s.nextInt(); while(studentdatabase[index].stud_date31||(studentdatabase[index].stud_date28studentdatabase[index].stud_mon==2)) { System.out.println("Wrong Data, Re-Enter:"); studentdatabase[index].stud_date=s.nextInt(); } System.out.println("Enter the year when student was born in digits:"); studentdatabase[index].stud_year=s.nextInt(); if(studentdatabase[index].stud_yearallowed_date) { System.out.println("Your ward is not admissable"); switching=false; break; } s.nextLine(); System.out.print("Enter the first name of the student:"); studentdatabase[index].stud_firstname=s.nextLine(); System.out.println("nEnter the mobile number of the student:"); studentdatabase[index].stud_mob_no=s.nextLong(); s.nextLine(); System.out.print("Enter the address of the student:"); studentdatabase[index].stud_add=s.nextLine(); } } break; } case 6: { System.out.println(" Enter the roll of the student to be deleted:"); introlldel=s.nextInt(); for(int i=0;iindex;i++) { if(studentdatabase[i].stud_roll!=rolldel) { studentdatabasecopy[i]=studentdatabase[i]; } else { for(int j=i;j(index-1);j++) { studentdatabasecopy[j]=studentdatabase[j+1]; } for(int k=0;kindex;k++) { studentdatabase[i]=studentdatabasecopy[i]; }index--; break; } } break; } case 7: switching=false; break; } } } } Student package studentdatabasemanagement; public class Student { String stud_firstname; String stud_lastname; longstud_mob_no; int stud_roll; intstud_no; String stud_add; String stud_course; intstud_mon; intstud_date; intstud_year; } Task 3.2 In this program we are defining a special class that can hold the different data like DOB, first name, last name, address, etc. Now all these have different variables with respective data types. In the main program we are creating an array of 200 students (Shankar, 2013). Hence the net size of the database created is 200. But defining an array is not enough, in the switch case menu the case that is responsible for the entry of new students, for each student a new "student" class object is defined using the "new" keyword. All the objects created have a reference under the array of "student" classes. Hence each time we want to view a student, we are actually calling to see the data held by each of these objects. The students are tracked by a special variable called index. The value of this index variable gives us the number of objects in the database (Horstmann, 2012). Now this index is each time edited when we enter a new students details. At this point we increment index (Horstmann, 2013). Also each of the students has a number allotted to it called student_no. This is kind of a serial number that gets replaced during deletion. Task 3.3 Various control structures were used in the above program. These included looping systems like while, for loops and also other control statements like if, switch etc. The switch case, which was enclosed in an infinite while loop, was used to switch between the various tasks that were to be performed by the program. The infinite while loop ensured that the switch case statements were shown continuously. Also if the infinite while was not used then to view, enter or update the details of a student each time the program had to be restarted. This can be quite tedious, to say the least (Barnes, 2000). This infinite while loop was maintained by enclosing a Boolean variable (whose value was set to be true) within the condition of the loop. There was an exit condition among the cases that turned this Boolean value to false, hence when the loop tried to run the next time, it exited because while (false) is not allowed. In various cases, the if control statement was used, for checking various values, like if the date of birth was entered 31(by mistake), or the month was entered12 (by mistake). If they were not then (that means correct date and month were applied) then the control statement was avoided. Else the control was transferred to the statements written within the control loop (Keith and Schincariol, 2006). Task 3.4 Exception handling mechanisms are quite useful in java programs. There are many kinds of exceptions in java namely Arithmetic Exception, Array out of bounds exception, etc. They are used to detect the unwanted cases that may cause an error in the program, which in turn may result in crashing of the program. The exception handling capabilities of java are very unique. In case of other programming languages (like c), the program would have crashed if a fatal error like divide by 0 would have occurred. But in Java this does not occur. When java finds an exception in a program, then it stops the execution at that point and throws the exception to the exception handling mechanism. The exception handling mechanism copies the line number where it finds an exception and sends it to the user on the screen along with the cause of the error. Also in case of java we can define our own exceptions and hence not depend on the program to give its own values. Example the age of a man cannot be negati ve, hence in a program if someone entered a negative age then by setting up a proper exception, we can define a proper exception and hence the user gets an error when he/she is trying to enter the incorrect age.In this program, we have used exception handling capabilities of java to make our own exceptions. Here we have used the concept of exception handling at two places. These are checking if the array is full or if it is empty (Reiersl, Baker and Shiflett, 2007). This is quite important as we must make sure that the array is not full each time we try to enter a new student. This is important as if it was not checked, and then the compiler would throw us an exception for overstepping the array bounds. Task 3.5 In this programming an IDE was used. An IDE or Integrated Development Environment is a platform that is used extensively by programmers and software developers alike for development of particular software or even a program.Netbeans was the IDE that was used in the development of this project. The use of IDE has made programming very easy and comfortable. In normal case we could have coded the program in a notepad and then run the program on command prompt to see if there were any errors. But this can be difficult as the command prompt does not give us specific results to what the problem is. It merely gives us the error that was given by the exception handling part of Java runtime. Now for a beginner this can be quite difficult as he is not fully acquainted with all the programming terms. Also the command prompt window does not give any hint to what might have caused the error. But his use of an IDE eliminated all these difficulties. In an IDE, the lines that could an error are detec ted straightaway when they are written by the programmer. In case of using a command prompt, the programmer would have to wait until running the program to get the errors. Also the IDE reduce coding efforts by providing various suggestions according to which a thing can be coded. For example in Netbeans, if we write so and then press Ctrl+Spacebar on the keyboard. Then the written word transforms into System.out.println(). Also during writing variables for loops the available and valid ones were shown on pressing the hint button. Below a few screenshots of the program on Netbeans is shown. inprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395769749213357739.post-67670908690693029522020-04-13T14:48:00.001-07:002020-04-13T14:48:03.714-07:00Analytical Response Essay SampleAnalytical Response Essay SampleAn analytical response essay sample should be short and sweet, making the grade and highlighting the individual's strengths. It is not merely an expression of the author's personal views; rather, it is the writer's opinion on a given issue. An essay of this nature should be lively and original, capable of generating lively discussion. In fact, it should be able to capture and hold the attention of both student and professor.An analytical response essay sample should show a reader that the writer is eager to engage in discussion with them. The essay must clearly point out your point of view on the topic, while not being too overbearing in its coverage. Moreover, it should be logical and concise.There are essays out there that are too lengthy and are difficult to understand. You must avoid writing long essays. Instead, cut out portions that you think are superfluous and elaborate on those parts that you deem as crucial. This will prevent your essay from feeling like a muddle and will make it easier for you to write in the first place.Although essay samples are meant to be the same for everyone, there are some attributes that make an average reader really appreciate an excellent work of work. The first thing you should do is find a trustworthy copycat. The most commonly used plagiarism detection software should have enough features to catch plagiarism.While doing this, you should also research if your essay is unique in any way. You may want to see how similar it is to any other essay out there. Do not base your essay's topic or content around the same kind of topic that is being researched.There are lots of essay samples online for free. The best resource for you is a study guide with the answer to the essay questions. These help you organize your thoughts and make it more lucid.Your essay can be the best for you if you are able to make changes to it. It is possible to write more than one essay for different situations. You can mak e minor adjustments to each essay based on what changes would suit your needs. inprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395769749213357739.post-91408066568883601602020-03-22T04:14:00.001-07:002020-03-22T04:14:03.009-07:00Grendel A Philisophical Point Of View Essays - Beowulf, Geats Grendel A Philisophical Point Of View Grendel follows the philosophical evolution, from solipsism to nihilism, of a socially isolated creature, a monster. It is an examination of human supernatural curiosity and its many dangers, specifically the tendency toward blind cynicism. Grendel is a censure of the rapid growth of this cynicism in twentieth century society and the consequent widespread distrust of abstract ideals. In investigating his own nature, the monster in the story destroys himself. He realizes that the universe is determined, accidental, and so he loses faith in his own importance. With time, he becomes a beast, until eventually his soul has wholly left him. He does not die for love, or for passion, or for freedom. His spirit dies instead simply, hopelessly, mired in boredom and anger, without courage or sadness. Grendel is dead long before his body fails him. He fades away, and the most important theme in this novel is that such self-destruction, though tempting, is not the only answer. Grendel's first defense against a brute universe is solipsism: the belief that the self can know only itself and that it is the only existent thing. As the novel clearly demonstrates, solipsism is a weak defense. However loudly a creature may declare its godhood, the universe continues to function independently. However a creature may deny the reality of outside factors, outside factors will continue to impose themselves upon his everyday existence. The main flaw in solipsism is that it contradicts every aspect of human experience. Grendel is justifiably unsatisfied and nervous under its tenuous cover. After his visit to the dragon, Grendel finds a more solid shield, nihilism: the belief that nothing has meaning; that life is a long series of accidents and is in itself an accident. As a philosophy, nihilism is complete. It provides an answer to every metaphysical why?. Whatever the concern, a nihilist can conclusively state, There is no way to truly know, but it does not matter anyway. As a system of values for a living being, however, nihilism leaves much to be desired. It destroys the self, quickly and totally, with a single fall of a cynical whip. Grendel is utterly unhappy, because his life is empty and devoid of meaning. Notice that he projects this meaningless onto the thanes. He ridicules their actions and their passions, rendering them absurd in the reader's eyes. In truth, Grendel has a certain respect for human beings. He envies their capacity to dissolve into pure belief, and most of the hostility he exhibits toward them is actually derived from hostility toward himself. The human hero Beowulf represents an alternative to hopeless nihilism and cynicism, an alternative that Grendel never finds. Beowulf is the embodiment of regeneration and purity. Though Grendel thinks he is insane, Beowulf is the only level mind in the entire novel. Beowulf completes the philosophical journey that shapes this novel by providing a perfect answer to Grendel's puzzle. The meaning of life is in its living. The justification of truth is in truth. The reason for beauty is beauty. It is too late for Grendel, however, as he has lost too much of himself. In the final battle he rejects Beowulf and all that the hero represents, and so Grendel's death, like his life, is merely an accident. Book Reports inprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395769749213357739.post-25456546838878261882020-03-05T18:38:00.001-08:002020-03-05T18:38:03.859-08:00What Is a Good ACT Aspire Score for a SophomoreWhat Is a Good ACT Aspire Score for a Sophomore SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Being in 10th grade is a little like walking over a bridge. You're crossing from the less consequential testing of early high school to the world of high-stakes tests, like the SAT andthe ACT ââ¬â tests that can affect your future. One of the ways you get from one side of this metaphorical divide to the other is by getting the chance to practice. For example, some students take the PSAT, which is meant to be a precursor to the SATthat they will take in their junior or senior year. Others take the ACT Aspire, a national achievement test that assesses how well students from 3rd to 10th grade are measuring up toCommon Core standards. The format, structure, and scoring of the ACT Aspire are all very different from the ACT. But, because it is designed by the same organization that creates the ACT, it can feel like a precursor to the real thing. So whatââ¬â¢s a good score on the ACT Aspire for a sophomore? In this article, Iââ¬â¢ll talk about different ways to think about what makes a good score, and how to tell where you rank based on the score you got. Iââ¬â¢ll also discuss whether your 10th grade ACT Aspire score means for your future ACT score. How is the ACT Aspire Test Scored? Since the ACT Aspire is given in elementary, middle, and high schools, it stands to reason that scoring is a little different depending on your class year. Iââ¬â¢ll talk specifically about how the test is scored for the 8th-10th graders who take it. ACT Aspire scores for each subject (English, Math, Reading, Science, and Writing) currently fall between 400 and 460. When you take this test in high school, here's what youââ¬â¢ll get in your score report: Your 5 individual section scores. These are your scores for each subject section of the test. A composite score. This is an unweighted average of your English, Mathematics, Reading and Science sections scores. Note that this composite score doesn't include your ACT Aspire Writing section, which is only scored individually. Several different kinds of reports about your progress. These include humanities and STEM composite scores, as well as a reading ability prognosis. If you'd like to see an example, the ACT publishes a sample of what your report will look like. The report may also include reports about the PSI pressure of your various organs. It's not really vital information, but you can't accuse them of not being thorough. Whatââ¬â¢s a Good Sophomore Score on ACT Aspire? My assumption is that sophomore year, youââ¬â¢re curious about what a good score is for 2 reasons. First, youââ¬â¢re concerned abouthow you stack up against your peers. And second, youââ¬â¢re wondering how youââ¬â¢ll do when you take the ACT for real junior year. Luckily, ACT provides a pretty thorough data for the one year that this test has been administered. This makes comparing yourself to your peers and finding any academic areas where you are lagging behind very easy. However, this data also shows that the ACT Aspire is not necessarily a great prediction model for your future ACT scores. Now, letââ¬â¢s examine in detail what your ACT Aspire score can show you. Comparing Yourself to the Baseline One of the goals of the ACT Aspire is to give you, your teachers, and your parents a sense of whether you are as prepared for college as you should be at this point in high school. To answer this question, you can compare your ACT Aspire score to your scores from previous years, to make sure you are consistently getting higher scores in each subject. ACT Aspire also provides minimum benchmarks scores for each test section. Each benchmark is the lowest score you need to get to demonstrate that you are on the right track in terms of your on-grade-level learning. Here is a table that shows the ACT Aspire benchmark scores for each subject for the year 2015 for grades 8-10. This table shows that, for example, if you get at least 432 on the ACT Aspire Science section as a sophomore, youââ¬â¢re considered to be on track to have a high probability of future success in first-year college courses. On the other hand, if your score is below the 10th grade numbers on any of the test sections, then this means that you may need outside help to catch up in these academic areas. The important thing is to just keep growingevery year. (Image:Steven Depolo/Flickr) Comparing Yourself to Your Peers Another goal of national tests like the ACT Aspire is to examine how everyone who is taking the test at the same time compares to each other. Since ACT Aspire publishes data about how students taking the test scored, we can go through the data to see how you can tell where you stand when compared to your peers. Using Your Composite Score for Peer Comparisons The composite score that you receive from ACT is a very quick snapshot of how you did on the test. This average of your individual subject scores can give you fast information about how you did relative to your peers overall. One way to evaluate your composite score is to use this table of the composite scores for 9th and 10th graders in the past year: Grade Min 25% Rank 50% Rank 75% Rank 90% Rank 95% Rank Max 9 408 414 418 423 430 435 438 10 409 415 419 426 433 438 440 This table shows rangeof students'scores. The "Min" and "Max" columns show the lowest and highest composite scores. The percentile columns showthe score you'd need to reachthe given percentile, i.e. the score at which you'd be scoringhigher than that percent of other students. In other words, for 10th grade, the lowest composite score anyone got was 409. 25% of students scored below 415. This means that if your score was 415, you did better than 25% of the studentstaking the test. Likewise, 95% of students got below a 438. This means that if your composite score was 438 or higher, you fall into the top 5% of test takers (since you did better than 95% of everyone taking the test). So what do we learn from this table? If your composite score was 419, you would fall into the middle scoring range, the 50th percentile. This means that 50% of 10th graders did worse, and 49% did better, so everyone who scored 419 falls right in the middle. What does this mean for calculating a good ACT Aspire score for a sophomore? Letââ¬â¢s assume that a good score is roughly at or above the 75th percentile, in other words, scoring higher than 75% of your peers. In that case, a good composite score for the ACT Aspire for sophomores is 426 or higher. Many people climb, but not everyone can reach the top. Using Your Individual Test Sectionsfor Peer Comparisons The composite score is a useful way to eyeball your status. But to figure out where youââ¬â¢re strong and where you're weak academically, you need to look at the scores you got on individual test sections. This much more zoomed-in approach will give you a better clue about the subjects you are learning well and the ones you need to work on more. Now, Iââ¬â¢ll go through each ACT Aspire test subject individually to see what a good score on it would be. ACT Aspire English Percentile Rankings Score % Rank Score % Rank Score % Rank Score % Rank 400 1 415 9 430 47 445 92 401 1 416 10 431 50 446 94 402 1 417 12 432 53 447 95 403 1 418 14 433 57 448 96 404 1 419 16 434 60 449 98 405 1 420 19 435 63 450 98 406 1 421 21 436 67 451 99 407 1 422 22 437 70 452 99 408 2 423 25 438 72 453 99 409 2 424 28 439 75 454 99 410 3 425 31 440 79 455 99 411 4 426 33 441 81 456 100 412 5 427 37 442 84 413 6 428 40 443 87 414 7 429 43 444 90 You can see that you donââ¬â¢t need to get all the questions right in order to fall into the top 1% of students. Although the exact number will change slightly from year to year, on this version of the ACT Aspire any sophomore who got 451 or above did better than 99% of the other test takers on the English section. The benchmark English section score of 428 would put you in the 40th percentile, which would mean you scored better than 40% of your peers. If we hang on to our assumption that a good score is around the 75th percentile, we can see that a score of 439 is what you need to reach that ranking. ACT Aspire Reading Percentile Rankings Score % Rank Score %Rank Score % Rank Score %Rank 400 1 411 10 422 47 433 92 401 1 412 13 423 51 434 95 402 1 413 14 424 52 435 98 403 1 414 17 425 57 436 98 404 1 415 21 426 62 437 99 405 1 416 24 427 66 438 99 406 1 417 28 428 72 439 99 407 2 418 31 429 77 440 99 408 3 419 35 430 82 441 99 409 4 420 39 431 83 442 100 410 6 421 43 432 87 You can see a similar thing about the Reading section results ââ¬â quite a few of the top scores would put you in the top 1% of people taking the test. Also, notice how big a difference in the percentile rankings just one point makes. If you earned 424, you scored better than 52% of other sophomores, but if you got 425, you jump 5 percentage points to end up doing better than 57%. The Reading benchmark that ACT determined is 428, in the72nd percentile of test takers, which would also be a good score on this part of the test. ACT Aspire Math Percentile Rankings Score % Rank Score % Rank Score % Rank Score % Rank 400 1 416 15 432 72 448 99 401 1 417 19 433 75 449 99 402 1 418 23 434 79 450 99 403 1 419 26 435 82 451 99 404 1 420 30 436 85 452 99 405 1 421 32 437 87 453 99 406 1 422 36 438 89 454 99 407 1 423 40 439 91 455 99 408 1 424 44 440 93 456 99 409 2 425 48 441 95 457 100 410 2 426 51 442 97 458 100 411 4 427 54 443 98 459 100 412 6 428 58 444 99 460 100 413 6 429 61 445 99 414 9 430 65 446 99 415 12 431 68 447 99 The math section has a huge spread of scores that fall into the top percentile ââ¬â anyone who scored above 445 did better than 99% of their peers. The ACT Aspire benchmark for this section is 432, or the 72nd percentile. Meanwhile, a good score in the 75th percentile is 433. ACT Aspire Science Percentile Rankings Score % Rank Score % Rank Score % Rank Score % Rank 400 1 413 7 426 50 439 94 401 1 414 9 427 53 440 95 402 1 415 14 428 57 441 97 403 1 416 15 429 61 442 98 404 1 417 19 430 66 443 99 405 1 418 21 431 69 444 99 406 1 419 25 432 73 445 99 407 1 420 29 433 76 446 99 408 2 421 34 434 79 447 99 409 2 422 38 435 83 448 99 410 4 423 39 436 86 449 100 411 4 424 42 437 88 412 6 425 46 438 91 The benchmark for ACT Aspire Science is 432, and this is basically the same as the good score weââ¬â¢ve been discussing, since it falls into the 73rd percentile of test takers. ACT Aspire Writing Percentile Rankings Score % Rank Score % Rank Score % Rank Score % Rank 408 1 419 20 430 66 441 98 409 1 420 24 431 66 442 99 410 4 421 24 432 81 443 99 411 4 422 27 433 81 444 99 412 6 423 27 434 90 445 99 413 6 424 37 435 90 446 99 414 7 425 37 436 92 447 99 415 7 426 55 437 92 448 100 416 10 427 55 438 94 417 10 428 61 439 94 418 20 429 61 440 98 You can immediately see how differently the Writing section is scored from this table. First of all, the lowest score on this section isnââ¬â¢t 400 like it is for all the other sections, but 408. Also, pairs of scores get the same percentile ranking, so for example, both 410 and 411 correlate to doing better than 4% of other sophomores. Here, the benchmark score from ACT is 428, or better than 61% of everyone taking the test at the same time. Meanwhile, a good 10th grade score on Writing is somewhere between 430 and 433, which falls between the 66th and 81st percentiles. Predicting Future Success Now that youââ¬â¢ve seen how your score compares to the scores of all the 10th-graders who took the ACT Aspire last year, youââ¬â¢re probably itching to figure out whether your score on ACT Aspire means anything for the real ACT that youââ¬â¢ll take in your junior year. The truth is thatACT Aspire is not a particularly great predictor of your future accomplishments, though it does give you a very general sense of what you can hope to achieve. But this is fantastic news! It means that the ACT Aspire really does what itââ¬â¢s supposed to do ââ¬â it shows you where you are now and where you need to improve. And the other great news is that dramatic improvement is clearly possible because as a sophomore, you have 1 or even 2 years in which to do it! Ok, but will the next one tell me my future ACT score? The Relationship Between ACT Aspire and ACT Scores ACT published data on 50 10th grade students ââ¬â their scores oneach ACT Aspire section, and their scores on theactual ACT when they took it in 11th grade. The problem is that this data is just an unwieldy Excel spreadsheet (you can check it out here:Demonstrating the Student Growth Percentile model for grade 10 ACT Aspire to grade 11 ACT) I used the data to create some scatterplot graphs to show the whatstudents got on each ACT Aspire section and what they ended up getting on the same ACT section. The way each graph works is this: Each blue diamond point stands for one student Ifyou trace straight down from each point, you can see what that student got on ACT Aspire (in this case the Math section) If you trace straight left, you can see what that same student got when taking the ACT for real So what this graph is showing us that in general as scores from ACT Aspire Math increase (x-axis), the scores on ACT Math also tend to get somewhat higher as a group (y-axis). In other words, the swarm of diamonds goes slightly upward as we go from left to right. On a case-by-case basis, we can see that there is significant room to grow, no matter where in the score range students fall. For example, the 3 students who got432 on ACT Aspire Math (our good, 72nd percentilescore), ranged in ACT scores from 16 (approximately in the bottom 25%) to 26 (approximately in the top 15%). In the graph of English scores, we can see that your ACT Aspire score is by no means destiny. For example, look at all the students who ended up with goodACT English scores in the mid-20s. Their ACT Aspire scores ranged from 425 (below benchmark) to 447 (well above the good 75% score of 439). This same general trend of higher ACT Aspire scores leading to higher ACT scores continues when we look at the scatterplot graph for the Reading section. But the relationship is not exact. For example, the two highest scorers on the Aspire Reading section were not the top ACT scorers. Similarly, the person who scored lowest on the ACT did not get the bottom score on the Aspire. The Science section of ACT Aspire probably shows a slightly weaker correlation between high 10th grade ACT Aspire scores and subsequent high 11th grade ACT scores. Incidentally, if youââ¬â¢ve been following along with the visual data presentation in this articleââ¬â¢s tables, charts, and graphs, then youââ¬â¢re actually getting in somegood practice for both the ACT Aspire Science section and the real ACT Science section as well! Now that youââ¬â¢ve seen how scatterplot graphs that show correlations look, you can be just as befuddled as I am by what happened to these 50 students on the writing section of these 2 tests. This kind of data may be a part of the reason why ACT Aspire Writing is not factored into the composite score that you get when you take the test in high school. What Does This Mean for What'sa Good Score? I think the best way to think about your scores if youââ¬â¢re worried about what they will eventually for the real ACT is this. First, make sure youââ¬â¢re scoring at least at the 10th grade benchmarks. Thatââ¬â¢s a pretty good indicator that youââ¬â¢re on trackwith your learning. If youââ¬â¢re below benchmark on any of the sections, that is a warning sign that you need help in that subject, not just to do better on ACT Aspire test but to succeed in your school year as well. Next, compareyour ACT Aspire section scores to each other. Are you scoring in the same percentile range on all 5 subjects? If there is a section (or several) that you are scoring significantly worse in, even if youââ¬â¢re still meeting the benchmark in that area, then this is the time to get extra help with this subject. Talk to your parents and teachers about what resources to improve your learning there are at your school, or maybe even outside of it. Should You Study for the ACT Aspire? For any test to accurately assess what you know and how well you understand when and where to apply that knowledge, the test can't simplythrow you off by its format, question style, or by the way it's administered. So in order for the ACT Aspire to actually measure how you are doing in school, itââ¬â¢s a great idea for you to familiarize yourself with how the test looks and feels.To that end, you should definitely read ourdetailed breakdown of what the ACT Aspire is like and the kinds of questions youââ¬â¢ll face on it. You should also get a sense of what taking the ACT Aspire will be like from their sample questions and computer test simulator. Go to theACT Aspire exemplar page, where youââ¬â¢ll find a link to the simulator and login information for all test sections and grade levels. However, other than getting a general sense of what you will see on test today, I would argue that it goes against the purpose and the benefits of ACT Aspire to study specifically for it. For one thing, this isnââ¬â¢t like the PSAT ââ¬â no scholarships or awards are resting on the score you get.Also, the point of the test is to see whether you are where you should be in your learning. Spending a lot of effort studying for this test would easily createresults that are meaningless as an indicator of whether you have academic weaknesses that need to be worked on. Finally, thereââ¬â¢s the matter of the rest of your class, and the rest of your grade in your school. The ACT Aspire isnââ¬â¢t just a diagnostic test for individual students. Itââ¬â¢s also supposed to measure how each classroom is doing as a whole. Imagine, for example, that the ACT Aspire results come back and every single kid in your class bombed the Science section. This is no longer something that an individual student is having trouble with. Instead, this kind of result tells your teacher and school administrators that they really need to beef up how your curriculum addresses science education. And a better grounding in the foundations of science in turn will benefit you down the road when you learn how to do college-level work. Honestly, if you are really very worried about your future testing results, I think you should justtake a practice ACT instead. Itââ¬â¢ll more accurately show you how youââ¬â¢d score if you took the ACT now. The one time napping is a better way to prepare for a test thanstudying. The Bottom Line The ACT Aspire tests the same 5 sections as the ACT, but is structured, formatted, and scored very differently. Youââ¬â¢ll get scores for each of the sections individually, as well as a composite score that averages English, Reading, Math, and Science. If you arenââ¬â¢t meeting ACT score benchmarks, thatââ¬â¢s a serious indicator that you need extra academic help. A good 10th grade ACT Aspire score is one that puts you in the upper 25% of your peers, and is different depending on each ACT Aspire test section. Even if you got a good 10th grade ACT Aspire score, this doesnââ¬â¢t necessarily mean anything in terms of predicting your real ACT score.ACT Aspire is not very good at predicting the ACT because its real purpose is to show you subject areas where you need extra help. There is no need to study for the ACT Aspire, though it would be a good idea to get familiar with the test format by checking out somesample questions. Whatââ¬â¢s Next? Thinking of jumping into the ACT world early? We have some guidance on whether you should start preparing for the ACT as a 10th grader andwhat a good sophomore ACT score would look like. Thinking about taking the PSAT as a 10th grader as well? Check out our discussion onwhat is a good PSAT score for a sophomore. Planning the rest of your high school academics? Read our articles aboutwhy itââ¬â¢s important to create a rigorous course load for yourself andwhether AP classes are really worth taking. Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically. inprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395769749213357739.post-71953909614493674842020-02-18T10:04:00.001-08:002020-02-18T10:04:03.183-08:00American History of 1870-1945's Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 wordsAmerican History of 1870-1945's - Term Paper Example This paper focuses on achievements and political activities of both these persons as presidents of America. Emergence of America Ever since America found its place in world map, it underwent through a total of seven stages and is presently undergoing the eighth. The time from 1912 to 1929 is referred to as ââ¬ËMelting- pot Americaâ⬠. This period was preceded by an Industrial America (1870- 1912) and was immediately followed by America emerging as a superpower at the global level (1929- 1960). Melting pot America had certain distinctive features or characteristics. During this time America experienced some major changes in social and political field. Immigrants from across the world flooded into different American provinces. They not only brought their distinctive cultures with them and merged them with American culture, but at the same they also reinforced a reversal of political practices. It was during this time that Americaââ¬â¢s political and economic potentials were r ecognized, thereby making America play an important role during First World War. Another feature of Melting pot period is ââ¬ËRoaring Twentiesââ¬â¢. All these made America urbanized and a fast paced destination from global point of view (Chhokar et al, 191-194). Both Woodrow Wilson as well as Theodore Roosevelt played significant roles in turning America into a superpower. Convention Politics and Theodore Roosevelt Teddy Roosevelt was a Republican who succeeded William McKinley. Strategically, Roosevelt was the first to introduce a dynamic relation between the contradictory ideals of Conservatism and Liberalism. He was of the view that, approaches mush be made softy but, to be made tougher when the work is not delivered timely or some corruption creeps in. thus, Roosevelt displayed a tough attitude to issues which were bothering America during first half of twentieth century, like crime and corruption within unions or workplaces, political mechanism and most importantly ââ¬Ë anti- trust activities of monopoliesââ¬â¢. At the same time, Roosevelt believed in ââ¬Ëactivistââ¬â¢ approach in presidency. As far as Liberalism is concerned, Roosevelt took some remarkable steps. One of them is introduction of progressive income tax, which ensured higher returns for the State. In this regard, he played a huge role in broadening the prospects of executive power in political scenario of contemporary America (Johnson, 194). The party machinery was very much clear when Roosevelt appeared in Chicago during June of 1912, before the election. At the time of his arrival, the entire political control was in the hands of political bosses who refused to support the delegates of Roosevelt and instead supported Taft. However towards the end, Roosevelt was finally able to make most delegates of Taft desert him. The Republicans choose to follow Roosevelt, thus expressing discontentment on the proposal of Republican- moderates of compromise. This counter- convention led to the formation of ââ¬ËProgressive Partyââ¬â¢ or Bull Moose Party with Teddy Roosevelt as its president, and a pre-panned convention set for August that year. There was a clash of interests with the Democrats during this time as the Democrats chose to select Woodrow Wilson, then a reformist governor of New Jersey as their candidate for the electoral poll. As president, Roosevelt stressed upon the doctrine of ââ¬Ëtwo- party systemââ¬â¢, i.e. incorporating political ideologies of both Democrats and the Republicans, and eradication of inprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395769749213357739.post-1084586488861410752020-02-03T19:21:00.001-08:002020-02-03T19:21:02.906-08:00Influence of Social Networking Sites on Relationships EssayInfluence of Social Networking Sites on Relationships - Essay Example The essay "Influence of Social Networking Sites on Relationships" discusses the influence of social networking sites on relationships. A social networking site is a form of media of the digital age that helps people in the development of communities and networks. Some of the most popular examples include Facebook, Twitter, and Orkut. The system of kinship includes people who have close relationships with each other or those who are living as a unit or family. We create our own definition of family. We can decide to add and not add people depending on whether we trust them or consider them family. In this way, we actually go beyond defining kinship as just blood relationships and add such relationships to the definition that leaves a great impact on our lives. Some people believe that close relationships fall into the definition of kinship whereas some people believe that only a blood relationship is real kinship. Today, anthropology is heading towards forming new forms of kinship. Fo r example, we can find many people on Facebook who have their close friends or childhood friends as their sisters and brothers. On the other hand, many people present on Facebook have blood relationships between each other. Social networking sites, such as Facebook, also helps people in the formation of imagined communities and networks. People can form such communities where there are no boundaries, no nation states, but a place where they can find people with whom they feel good. Facebook has made people less individualistic. inprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395769749213357739.post-2900080526606585412020-01-26T15:45:00.001-08:002020-01-26T15:45:05.981-08:00Singapore Zoo Marketing StrategiesSingapore Zoo Marketing Strategies The new event of process scheduled in the recent era is the launch of e-Business. This process is basically an additional method for the growth of productivity and an increase in the zone of profit for the business that is involved. The key structure of the e-Business is the active utility of the computers and online transactions. This also involves various strategies to complete the process and handle the structure with core techniques for the best result. The acquired process of marketing and management in the recent years have grown and taken its place with latest techniques and new acronyms in the global touch. E-Business is the new integration of the activities of the organisation or the company and their products along with their services and procedures in the internet. A old traditional business linked with the new growth of enables e-Business strategy integrating the activities of the organisation or the company featuring sales, accounting, marketing and many more operations that are concerned with the organization and their process involved takes us to the pride of achieving the future growth and their expansion. Outline Segment: This assignment includes the necessary of identifying the principles of marketing and a complete analysis of the structure of e-business in to the chosen illustration. The time to time market explains the product launch and their association with the market for the release. It redirects the right time for the consideration of launch of the project or practice in accordance with the implementation changes that has to take place within the organisation as a matter of fact. Branding: The process of branding shall be concerned as the part of sources provided in the internet and other resources about the brand and by the tasks of business of participation. The web page normally supplies the relevant scope of information about the brand and the organisation with its benefits and service provided on the real. A website establishes the fact of the company or the organization and creates awareness about the offers and availability of the schemes provided by the company. It also brings the latest key on notice to the immediate reach of the customers and creates a satisfaction among the customers. The process of branding not only has an impact on the customers but also enriches the source of customers with a build of trust and raises itself with a value of accreditation in the market of competition. The brand becomes a part of the quality and promise of the customers and the partners along with the employees as a part of flexibility, trust and growth. Singapore Zoo: The Singapore Zoo, Located at 80 Mandai Lake Road, is also known as Mandai Zoo or Singapore Zoological Garden. Popular for its Night Safari attraction, the Zoo has a reaped a long list of awards, both local and international. This has to be the one of the really beautiful zoos, of which there are all too few. It is brilliant laid out, so that the ceclosure fences are almost totally hidden. The expanses of the water of the seletar reservoir are a magnificent additional feature of the setting. The animals are beautifully maintained in good health, in spite of the climatic conditions. All in all, the Zoo shall receive a warn congratulation for the heads that are responsible for them, and declaring it for us was a great experience to see it. The gem of an idea to have a zoo was conceived by Dr. Ong Swee Law. Opened on 27 June 1973, the Singapore Zoological gardens caters to recreational, educational and social needs of Singaporeans and tourist to the republic. The Open Zoo which reflects the absence of physical barriers in enclosure design. Instead cascading waters, lush vegetation and moats cleverly mask the hidden barriers to enhance the illusion of freedom and natural jungle-like atmosphere for the animals. The Zoo began with the humble collection of 270 animals of about 72 species. To date, a total of over 2000 animals of 240 species are displayed in some 70 exhibits. One of the more appealing attractions at the zoo is the animal show. The animal shows Primate Reptile show s and Elephant and Sea-lion shows. Due to popularity and surge in crowds, an Amphitheatre was built in 1985 to centralize these shows and to seat visitors comfortably. The amphitheatre which has a long pool with glass panels for aquatic acts can seat 1,500 and can accommodate up to 2,000 spectators. The Animal Shows are specially designed to incorporate the natural behaviours of the animals to educate visitors in an entertaining presentation. The conservation messages are disseminated to the audience during the shows to heighten their awareness of the environment. In 1987, the Zoo introduced the Special loan exhibit, where rare animals on loan from other Zoos are displayed for a short period. The animals which have been displayed at the special Loan Exhibit include the golden monkeys, white tigers and giant pandas. This novel idea gives visitor s an opportunity to view rare animals which cannot be exhibited permanently at the zoo. The enclosure was renamed Singaporean Press Holdings (SPH) enclosure following its adoption by the SPH group in 1990. Another major breakthrough for the Zoo was the introduction of underwater viewing exhibits. The first was in 1988 the underwater viewing polar bear exhibit enable visitors to rub noses with the Zoos polar bear. Since 1987, the Zoo pas sed the million marks in visitor attendance. The string of awards bagged by the Singapore Zoo attests to splendid inhabitants and services: 2002 Asean Tourism Association (ASEANTA) Awards for Excellence, Best New attraction in ASEAN (Singapore Zoo for Hamadryas Baboons The great rift valley of Ethiopia). 2001: STB (Singapore Tourism Board) Tourism Awards: Leisure Attraction of the Year 2001 (Singapore Zoo). 2001 The Singapore Totalisator Board Excellence Singapore Award: Internationally acclaimed open zoo design and excellent in-situ conservation achievement. 2000: Where Singapore magazines Concierge Choice Awards: Best Place to Take the Kids. 1999: IMA (Incentive Meeting Asia) Awards: Best Theme Attraction. Important Campaigns in the process of integration of the organisation in e-Business are as follows; A new architecture of strategy and launch of business automation by the process of e-Business. An enhanced view and recommendation of the developed solution in the web and front-end legacy applications. A new format of the developed portals of the organization or the company with the update of the latest information. New value chain integrated through the web based application for the company or the organization. SWOT analysis: The SWOT analysis is an understanding of the total result of the current position of the business. It defines the Strength, weakness, opportunities and the threats of the organization matching the external opportunities with the internal strengths. The company or the organization involving for the SWOT analysis has to order the strategies and strengths to hold in control the weaknesses and eliminate the threats in any from the external sources. Strengths: They are open 365 days all around the year and it is considered as a most entertained tourist attraction. They open at 8:30 am in the morning and close at 6:00 pm in the evening creating an enthusiastic environment for all ages from 6 to 90 daily all around the year. The last ticket sale everyday is available at 5:30 pm enabling the visitors to enter at the event of closing for short time enjoyments too. The cost of the entry is also reasonable for the attractions available in the theme forest, the Singapore Zoo. Rental of the stroller is available enabling a hassle free travel until the Zoo and the charges are also reasonable as $9 only. Complimentary admission for DDR(Disability Development Registry) card holders and entitlement of beneficiary programmes chosen by the Voluntary Welfare associations. Protection and conservation comes with education. The visit enhances us to understand the necessary of conservation and protection raising awareness. Organising events such as wedding and parties for own reason with reasonable cost guaranteeing the success of the occasion conducted. Sponsorship and adoption also remains as a part of the team along with small donation initiating the success of protection and conservation of wildlife. The location suits the entry itself with a night safari and orchid gardens roaring itself with pride for visiting. Shows are unique and visiting Australian outback, cat country, critters Longhouse, Fragile forest, Elephants of Asia, Hamadryas Baboons, Orang Utan, Polar Bear, Proboscis Monkeys, Primate Kingdom, Rainforest Kidzworld, Reptile Kingdom, Wild Africa, White tiger are the main attractions. Weaknesses: Weather: The weather circumstance may be the stop point, as prediction is never accurately right hence the market prediction refers accordingly. Cost: This cost may sound reasonable when considering the factors of the total value and convenience referred in the place. Place: The location depends convenient on consideration upon the general factors but the unique thoughts upon the each visitor vary. Shows: Visitors though they are happy with the shows and preferences that are given or organised by the organisation but they prefer to have more shows. Opportunities: The Singapore Zoo is said to be an organised theme with shows, events and attractions. They tend to have increased in their growth along with the years. Now they have become a part of the wildlife protection and conservation creating awareness in the social media. There are quite a lot of opportunities and competition that exist in the field in and around the world. Threats: There are no huge threats when concerned with the whole of the organisation whereas some exist such as the competition between the other themes around the area. There exist another night safari and orchid gardens for visiting. The location Singapore itself refers itself for a calm and roaring entertaining area. The visitor can become a sponsor or a member, he can involve himself as a part of the team enriching the lives of animals the wonder and an escape for the reality in admiration. They are the sources of a living entertainment and they have to be preserved. Marketing mix: The most important elements of marketing are defined as the 4 Ps. They are Product, promotion, price and place. An organization may change the elements of marketing according to their requirements and tendencies. The target for their own caste in the market is set with official designation with the alteration of the principles of marketing mix if required and are taken in to consideration for the fact of earning their benefits in the resource implemented. The main component to be considered is the addressing of the competitive market and the implementation and the process of support by the operations merged to prove the reach of the target through the marketing mix principles. Taking the marketing mix in this instance for this organisation comprises of the products, place, promotion and distribution. The products offered are the actual offering that is present in the location and the price is the value that remains exchanged for the offering present in the place. The promotion includes the targeting of the audience with the mix of promotions for the attraction of visitors. Distribution covers the place where the product is being offered and located for the targeting of the audience. Place: The location is been chosen as the best suited place for the construction of the Zoo and its the perfect place for the process chosen by the organization. The organization built has various ideas such as scheduling events and wedding ideas indoor or outdoor events. They also categorize themselves in organising the events and catering and all sources for the booked events. The location sets scenic view and way for the other places of attraction such as the night safari and orchid gardens that cover the tourist spots. The major point discovers the area as a whole of tourist attraction and determines itself with a variety of attraction such as night safaris and gardens on way to the Rainforest zoo. They also become a part of other organisations such as the zoos and wildlife conservation within the country. The animal encounters and rides, feeding times, animal photography, zoo shop plays an important role in the pride of being unique among the other attractions. Price: The cost of the entry is effective when considered the shows and features of the Zoo. The price is $20 per adult and $13 for the Child aged within 6-12. Students concession and group allowances are available when booked as a whole and has to be contacted the organization. They have some plans for the disabled and authorised visitors allowing a free entry for the DDR card holders. Product: The zoo comprises of various shows in exhibiting the wildlife of the organisation and other specific animals such as White tiger, fragile forest, wild Africa, Elephants of Asia, cat country, Orang Utan, Reptile Garden, Polar bear, Proboscis Monkeys, Rainforest Kidzworld, Primate Kingdom, Hamadryas Baboons, Critters Longhouse, Australian outback. It is also considered as the finest zoo in Asia and ranks top among the beautiful zoo of the world too. The animals adopt an open concept of living in the landscape and spread across the vivid and spacious environment separated for the curious spectators with wet and dry moats. The shows are of varieties and the spark for enthusiasm lie in high potential for customers to return often in visiting the zoo. It is considered to be the worlds first zoo with night wild life park on may 26th 1994. It covers the second place for the dense forest divided among the east and west loops. An extraordinary experience with the nocturnal species of more than one thousand animals within a count of 100 species toggled in the technique of soft light of visibility. The night safari is said to the wholesome and popular entertainment in the night attracting almost all the visitors of tourist attractions present in the city. Over the past decade it has not let itself one percent down with the novelty. It has loaded itself with four awards in the recent past including the local and international being a part of the IFEA Pinnacle award of the 2001 with a present title as the Gold winner. The Night safari process is also famous for its Gourmet safari Express. Promotion: The promotions of the organisation comprises of the animal photography, guided tours, Animal encounters and rides, feeding times, foods and beverages, shops in zoo, friendly facilities for the disabled and shows organised according to the periods of season. Education and conservation are part of the promotional scheme for the visitors to get involved with the social space. The childrens world was created in the year of 1973 consisting of the play land and the animal land. The famous miniature train ride that connects the lands together and the animals are placed in such a manner that they exist in their natural habitat unlike the artificial influence and stimulation. The animal land in entitled for the childrens to play and with a real life experience as the domestic animals participate in the play. The domestic animals include the chickens, rabbits and sheep. The play land is efficiently placed with conventional equipments used for play enhancing the space of life. The childrens world has been voted the best location for the kids in the magazine Where Singapore inaugural concierge choice 1999 awards. This is the first world wide entertainment promotion among the other specimens in the same category all around the world to introduce the varieties of elements such as the underwater exhibits an opportunity to view the rare animals within the short span of time as the zoo is just 37 years old. The zoo is amphitheatre centralised that was built in the year 1985 and now it has reached the heights of audience including the primate, reptile and elephant shows starting in the 1970s and helping the launch of amphitheatre with more than 1500 to 2000 seats of accommodation. Awards: The awards have been contributed for the specialised services and splendid inhabitants of the zoo. The Zoo initially started with 270 animals of about 72 species and has grown to an extent of 2000 animals contributing from the 240 species displayed in almost 70 exhibits. The awards are both local and international as listed below; 1999 Best theme Attraction- IMA (Intensive and meetings Asia Awards) 2000 Concierge choice awards Where Singapore Magazine Best place for kids 2001 Leisure attraction of the year Singapore Totalisator Board of Excellence for Singapore award 2001 Singapore tourism Board (STB) Leisure attraction the year 2001. 2002 ASEANTA Asean Tourism Association Awards for excellence: Best New Attraction. Experiences: The various attractions that are found in the organisation is said to be dimensional and are the best experience in ones life after the visit. The new vision of administering and maintaining the species of living example and their conservation is the most important feature. The visitors all over the world have always been satisfied and this organisation has taken the pride of providing more than the cost involved per person for the entertainment. The events organised consist of vivid ceremonies personalised according to the booking made by the individual and general events such as wedding and celebrations of specific occasions are organised in such a way that they are most remembered and considered the best in the minds of celebrated individual family. The vast number of crowds and selection of shows organised in the zoo according with the seasons play an important role for the visit of various visitors and audiences. Marketing Controls: Market research, customer surveys, participation, sponsorship, attendance with on-field success is considered to be the main controls of marketing generally. The e-business plays an important role in the marketing roles for this organisation. The website is specially designed to contribute al the efficiency and entertainment lively probing the customer to participate in the visit. The design of the website enhances the quality and governance of contribution in a specialized way. It also shows complete data of the zoo and further to the facts present it also allots a chance for the participation of the visitor along with the excitement offers. Conclusion: The overall consideration and the above report show the complete focus of the organisation. The report after the examination from the history until the latest score of the organisation considering the facts along with the advantages and disadvantages conclude that they are listed in the top ranking for the attractions world-wide. This result shows the specific activity and growth of their marketing through a new median of e-Business launching their complete attractions and consideration with a virtual view over the available charts of the organisation. The marketing strategies that actively participate in the role of increasing their growth from the past decades have contributed much to their heights of enhancement. Hence the process of growth has taken an important ride in the marketing strategy and mix along with core key of E-Business. inprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395769749213357739.post-38380208246394779302020-01-18T12:09:00.001-08:002020-01-18T12:09:03.318-08:00Fatty Acid and Triple Bonds1. The ââ¬Å"building blocksâ⬠of polysaccharides are _______, and the blocks are covalently linked together by _______. A. | glycerol and fatty acids; glycosidic linkages| B. | amino acids; triple bonds| C. | monosaccharides; glycosidic linkages| D. | disaccharides; triple bonds| E. | oligosaccharides; glycosidic linkages| Answer choice C Which of the following statements about starch is false? A. | Starch may be partially branched. | B. | Starch is a polymer of glucose. | C. | Starch is formed by the condensation of monomers. | D. The properties of starch are very similar to those of cellulose. | E. | Starch may be digested by people. | Answer choice E Which of the following characteristics distinguishes carbohydrates from other macromolecule types? A. | Carbohydrates are constructed of monomers that always have a ring structure. | B. | Carbohydrates never contain nitrogen. | C. | Carbohydrates consist of a carbon bonded to hydrogen and a hydroxyl group. | D. | Carbohydrates contain glycerol. | E. | None of the above| Answer choice A 1. A five-carbon sugar is known as a A. glutamine. | B. | glucose. | C. | hexose. | D. | pentose. | E. | None of the above| Answer choice D Oils and fats A. | form membranes. | B. | are triglycerides. | C. | all contain the same fatty acids. | D. | are good for you in large amounts. | E. | have glycosidic linkages. | Answer choice B Oils melt at a lower temperature than fats because A. | oils and fats are not the same type of macromolecule. | B. | fats contain more saturated fatty acids than oils. | C. | fats contain are unsaturated fatty acids than oils. | D. | oils are made by plants. | E. fats are common in animals. | Answer Choice C Fatty acids are A. | carboxylic acids with long hydrocarbon tails. | B. | linked to glycerol in fats by hydrogen bonds. | C. | always saturated. | D. | large polymers of monosaccharides. | E. | water soluble. | Answer choice A A phospholipid differs from a triglyceride in that phospholipids A. | are amphipathic. | B. | are not derivatives of glycerol. | C. | do not have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts. | D. | are used to store energy for the cell. | E. | do not contain fatty acids. | Answer choice B inprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395769749213357739.post-87600662089052962782020-01-10T08:33:00.001-08:002020-01-10T08:33:04.041-08:00Suicide And Suicidal Behaviours Health And Social Care EssayAbstractionSuicide is a major cause of mortality worldwide. It is a human calamity that accounts for an estimated one million deceases yearly. This translates to at least one decease ensuing from self-destruction every 40 seconds. The magnitude of the job is farther compounded by the fact that the incidence of attempted self-destruction is about 25 times more than that of completed self-destruction. Every act of suicide impacts on at least six other persons. Suicide rates have increased by approximately 60 % over the last 45 old ages, therefore representing a major public wellness load. These rates are grossly underreported globally and many developing states, including Nigeria, do non hold meaningful records of deceases and their causes. There is dearth of information as respects the incidence of self-destruction and self-destructive behavior in Nigeria, with the exclusion of a few recent surveies. A systematic online reappraisal of published literature on self-destruction and self- destructive behavior in Nigeria was conducted and relevant articles reviewed. This article chronicles the development of research on self-destruction and self-destructive behavior in Nigeria, from isolated studies in the 1960s to more recent, large-scale epidemiological studies in the last decennary. It farther high spots the demand for an efficient system of wellness records with efficient certification of deceases and their causes, and a alteration in the state ââ¬Ës statute law with regard to suicide and suicidal behaviors.WritersDr. J. O. AbdulmalikConsultant Psychiatrist, Department of Psychiatry, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.Dr. O.O. Ayinde,Senior Registrar, Department of Psychiatry, University College Hospital, Ibadan.Alabi Omolabake OluwadamilolaConcluding Year Medical Student, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.Alabi Adeleke Ifeoluwa,Concluding Year Medical Student, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. All correspondence to: jfutprints @ yahoo.com, labek125 @ yahoo.comIntroductionMental, neurological and substance usage upsets make a significant part to the planetary load of disease ( GBD ) , which is estimated with the disability-adjusted life old ages ( DALY ) metric, assigned to each disease/disorder. The DALY is the amount of two composite steps: the old ages lived with disablement ( YLD ) and the old ages of life lost ( YLL ) due to a specified disease within the entire population. Suicide accounted for 1.8 % of the entire disease load as at 1998, but is projected to lift to 2.4 % by the twelvemonth 2020. [ 1 ] Mental and behavioral upsets are common, and will impact one in every four individuals at some clip during their lives. [ 2 ] The World Health Organization ( WHO ) defines suicide as ââ¬Ëthe act of killing oneself, intentionally initiated and performed by the individual concerned in the full cognition or outlook of its fatal result ââ¬Ë . [ 3 ] While several definitions exist, suicide merely means the knowing act of stoping one ââ¬Ës ain life. Suicide is the 3rd prima cause of decease among immature people, aged 15 to 44 old ages, and ranks second for striplings between ages 15 and 19 old ages old. [ 4 ] These studies have prompted the WHO to go smartly involved in runing to convey the public wellness load and impact of self-destruction to the attending of authoritiess, policymakers and the populace through the bite and airing of statistics, and the development of preventative plans. It is estimated that globally, about one million deceases occur from self-destruction every twelvemonth ; which approximately translates to one self-destruction decease every 40 seconds. The incidence of attempted self-destruction is 25 times more common than completed self-destruction. It is besides the most of import cause of violent decease worldwide, accounting for 49 % of all instances. Other major subscribers to violent deceases worldwide include homicide ( 32 % ) ; with struggles and wars doing up the staying 19 % . It should be borne in head that the act of perpetrating self-destruction, is neither a disease nor a pathological status ; but mental upsets are often found to be associated with it, particularly depression. [ 5 ] Beyond numbering the Numberss of self-destruction and suicidal efforts nevertheless, is the frequently undiscovered psychological load from feelings of guilt, sorrow and torment, which is frequently experienced by the household members and close associates of persons who commit self-destruction. Every act of self-destruction, affects averagely six other people, at the really minimal. [ 5 ] This impact becomes amplified, when a self-destruction occurs in a public state of affairs, such as in a school or work environment. Non-fatal suicidal ideas and behaviors normally precede successful suicide Acts of the Apostless and should be seen as of import calls for aid and intercession, when they occur. They may be classified into three classs: Suicidal ideation, which refers to ideas of prosecuting in behaviour, aimed at stoping one ââ¬Ës life. Suicidal program, which refers to the preparation of a specific method and readyings towards stoping his ain life. Suicidal effort, which refers to engagement in potentially self-injurious behavior with some grade of uttered purpose to decease.EtiologyThe undermentioned factors have been found to be associated with self-destruction. [ 6 ] Sociable: These include factors such as the absence of meaningful household ties or societal interactions which could ensue in egocentric self-destruction. Alienation or a interruption in the relationship between an person and the society due to societal or economic diverseness may ensue in alienated self-destruction ; while inordinate integrating and submergence into a given society may take to selfless self-destruction, supposedly for the greater good of that society. Psychological: This includes aggression and ill will turned inward against the ego, as stated by Sigmund Freud ; overpowering feelings of hopelessness as suggested by Aaron Beck ; and cognitive bottleneck of picks as observed by Edward Scheidman among persons with self-destructive inclinations. Biological: Self-destructive behaviors have been linked with lessened degrees of 5-hydroxytryptamine in the cardinal nervous system. Post mortem findings besides indicate low degrees of 5-hydroxytryptamine and some non-specific alterations in the noradrenergic system of self-destruction victims. Familial: Suicidal behaviours may run in households. A positive household history of self-destruction increases the hazard both for attempted and completed self-destruction. Medical: Chronic and enfeebling physical unwellnesss may increase the hazard for self-destruction. Mental upsets besides belong to this class and represent the most of import associated factors in self-destruction. Examples include depression ( associated with over 90 % of instances ) , intoxicant maltreatment, personality upsets, and schizophrenic disorder. Completed self-destruction is more common in males ; nevertheless suicide efforts and consider self-harm ( DSH ) are commoner among females and include Acts of the Apostless of toxic condition, cutting, and firing. Suicide is barely of all time the effect of a individual ground, but may instead result as a consequence of a multiple factors moving in concert to convey about such an act. These hazard factors have been classified into single, socio-cultural and situational factors, as depicted in Table 1. [ 1 ] Table 1: Hazard factors for suicidea?à °IndividualSocio-culturalSituationalMental upset Stigmatization of health-seeking behaviour Fiscal troubles Alcohol or drug maltreatment Lack of entree to healthcare services, including mental wellness Social losingss and dislocation of important emotional relationships Hopelessness Cultural and spiritual beliefs lauding self-destruction as a baronial mercantile establishment in the face of personal troubles Ready entree to lethal agencies Previous self-destruction effort Exposure to suicidal behaviours, through the media and the influence of others who have died by self-destruction Nerve-racking life events Isolation and deficiency of societal support Aggressive inclinations Impulsivity History of injury or maltreatment Acute emotional hurt Major physical or chronic unwellnesss Family history of self-destruction a?à °Modified from the WHO publication, ââ¬Å" Public wellness action for the bar of self-destruction: a model, WHO ; 2012 â⬠.GLOBAL SITUATION AND TRENDSSuicide rates have increased by 60 % worldwide, in the last 45 old ages, with an estimated planetary incidence rate of 16 per 100,000. [ 7 ] This tendency is happening despite the betterments in the acknowledgment and direction of depression and other mental upsets, and the increased handiness of newer medicines with better and more tolerable side effects. The incidence of self-destruction is normally reported as a rate per 100,000 on a state footing. States such as Sri Lanka, Lithuania, Russia and Belarus which record 30 or more deceases per 100,000 are classified as high rate states. States with Numberss runing from 10 to 29 per 100,000 such as Japan, Hungary, and China have in-between rates ; while those states with fewer than 10 suicide deceases per 100,000 ( e.g. Syria, Jamaica, Egypt ) are classified as low rate states. [ 7 ] However, these rates may really be misdirecting as they do non convey the true extent of the job. For illustration, China has a suicide rate of about 25/100,000, which places it in the in-between scope but it accounts for the largest figure of human deceases from self-destruction yearly, with 287,000 reported suicide deceases ; therefore accounting for about a 3rd of the planetary mortality from self-destruction in a twelvemonth. [ 8 ] Similarly, India ââ¬Ës rate of 10/100,000 topographic points it marginally in front of states with low rates, but India is 2nd to China in the figure of suicide deceases recorded per twelvemonth, with reported figures of about 110,000 suicide deceases. [ 9 ] Khan, illustrated the deceptive nature of trusting wholly on these rates, without seting them in the larger context of the state ââ¬Ës population. He utilized comparative analysis utilizing the available figures, and showed that four states with high self-destruction rates: Lithuania, Russia, Estonia and Latvia have a combined entire figure of suicide deceases that is less than the entire figure of suicide deceases from India entirely, which is hardly above a low rate state. [ 10 ] Unfortunately, similar country-wide informations is non uniformly available across the Earth. Indeed, several states, including Nigeria, do non routinely cod decease records and have no describing systems to document the causes of decease. These non-reporting states exceed 50, and include states with populations totaling over 100 million people such as Indonesia, Pakistan and Bangladesh. [ 11 ] There is a dearth of research on self-destruction from developing states. Very small is known about self-destructions in many African states, including Nigeria. [ 12 ] Mental unwellness is seldom mentioned or is implicated in merely a little figure of self-destructions. The bulk of available studies in developing states are based on hospital necropsy studies or constabularies informations, neither of which would normally document psychological factors involved in self-destructions. Suicide is no longer a condemnable offense in any developed state but continues to be criminalized in many developing states, including Nigeria. Religious and societal factors besides continue to act upon the diagnosing and registering of self-destructions. Families do non unwrap the true nature of the act, for fright of torment by constabulary and the attendant societal stigma that would accrue from such revelations. Alternatively they are more likely to declare the decease an accident or in some instances, a homicide. [ 13 ]THE NIGERIAN CONTEXTThere is dearth of information about the epidemiology of self-destruction in Nigeria. Suicides are by and large reported to be rare in less developed states. This is partially attributable to the routinely hapless records of decease and its causes. In a survey that evaluated medical examiners ââ¬Ë studies over a four-year period ( 1957-60 ) in the Western Region ( now broken down into several provinces ) of Nigeria, Asuni concluded that the self-destruction rate in Western Nigeria was really low. He reported higher rates of self-destruction in the rural countries compared to urban parts. [ 14 ] Some of import hospital-based surveies have besides provided utile penetration into this job. A reappraisal of reported instances of attempted self-destruction from the three largest infirmaries in Benin City ( Specialist, Uselu Psychiatric Hospital and the University Teaching Hospital ) indicated that the incidence had non increased over the four-year period crossing 1978 to 1981, during which the norm petroleum suicide effort rate was 7 per 100,000. The commonest age group was among adolescents aged 15-19 old ages ( 39.4 % ) , while about nine out of 10 triers ( 87 % ) were aged 30 old ages and below. The most of import predisposing factors reported were mental unwellness ( 32 % ) and parental struggle ( 24 % ) . There was no important gender difference. [ 15 ] In a six-month prospective survey of 39 instances of deliberate ego injury reported in the three major infirmaries in Ibadan, Nigeria ; Odejide et al. , found that about eight in 10 ( 76.9 % ) were under the age of 30 old ages ; and merely over half ( 51.3 % ) were pupils, while 25.6 % were manual workers. The commonest methods used were consumption of chemicals and psychotropic drugs. [ 16 ] Nwosu and Odesanmi, in a survey carried out in the Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, that was based on medico-legal necropsy studies, reported the self-destruction rate as 0.4 per 100,000 populations, with about four times as many males perpetrating self-destruction when compared to females ( ratio of 3.6:1 ) . The bulk of the self-destructions were committed by the consumption of Gammalin 20 and usage of the local Dane gun. [ 17 ] Large-scale epidemiological surveies have been late conducted among grownups. A nationally representative epidemiological survey, covering 21 out of the 36 provinces in Nigeria was conducted by Gureje et al. , among 6752 grownups, to measure for self-destruction related results, and their association with mental upsets and a history of childhood hardship. They reported prevalence of self-destructive ideation, program and efforts were 3.2 % , 1 % and 0.7 % severally. The presence of mental upsets, particularly temper jobs significantly correlated with suicide results, while a history of early childhood hardship was identified as a hazard factor for life-time self-destruction effort. [ 18 ] Uwakwe and Gureje besides examined the relationship between comorbid mental and substance usage upsets with self-destructive behaviors in the Nigerian study of mental wellness and wellbeing. They found that individuals with lifetime self-destruction efforts were more likely than those without efforts to hold experienced lifetime DSM-IV upsets. Lifetime triers were besides more likely to hold comorbid conditions. Eleven per centum of individuals with a lifetime history of self-destructive effort had three or more co-occurring upsets, as compared with merely 0.4 % of individuals with no history of life-time efforts. Controling for the effects of comorbid conditions suggests that while temper upsets may be independently associated with self-destructive results, comorbidity partially explains the association of anxiousness upsets and about to the full histories for the association of substance usage upsets with self-destructive results. The writers hence concluded that comorbidity is an of import factor in the association of mental and substance usage upsets with self-destructive behaviour in this environment. [ 19 ] Furthermore, Oladeji and Gureje, besides established a relationship between parental mental upsets and suicidal behavior in their progeny. The presence of panic upset and substance maltreatment in the parents were found to be associated with self-destructive ideation in the progeny, but merely parental panic upset was found to be related to suicidal efforts. The suggestion therefore, is that upsets of anxiousness and impulse control may play some function in the ascertained form of familial suicidal behaviors in their progeny. [ 20 ] Large graduated table surveies have besides been conducted among immature people in Nigeria. Omigbodun et al. , conducted a survey to set up the prevalence and associated psychosocial correlatives of self-destructive ideation and efforts among immature Nigerians, which revealed that, of the 1,429 young persons who were assessed, over 20 % reported self-destructive ideation and about 12 % reported that they had attempted suicide in the preceding twelvemonth. The survey reported the rates of both self-destructive ideation and efforts as care towards the upper bounds of acceptable rates for young persons. [ 21 ] The 2nd survey evaluated the presentation and psychosocial issues associated with preadolescent suicidal attempts utilizing the ââ¬Ëhanging ââ¬Ë method in Nigeria, and reported the being of the undermentioned mental wellness jobs: depression, behavior jobs, oppositional defiant upset and impulse control jobs. Other factors found to be associated with these self-destructive behavior included nerve-racking life events such as household break, physical maltreatment, and strong-arming at school. [ 22 ] The form of attempted self-destruction in the Nigerian military context has besides been studied by Okulate. He described the features of patients who attempted self-destruction and examined the differences between the self-destruction triers and a group of non-suicidal, affectional upset patients at the Department of Psychiatry, Military Hospital, Yaba, Nigeria. The survey revealed that self-destructive effort patients constituted 0.37 % of all admittances during a five-year period, and 60.8 % of them were under the age of 30 old ages. The Numberss of male and female patients were about the same. Depression and acute emphasis reaction were the normally associated diagnosings. While military dependants often ingested substances in their self-destruction efforts, military forces used more violent methods such as hanging and self-stabbing, but none used pieces. Compared with non self-destructive patients, suicide triers were more likely to be single and to hold a household history of m ental upset. [ 23 ] The highest hazards for passage from self-destructive ideation to planning, and from be aftering to attempted self-destruction normally occurs within the first twelvemonth of holding either the ideation or program. Other hazard factors for a life-time self-destructive effort include dysfunctional household backgrounds ; such as drawn-out separation from biological parents, high degrees of domestic struggles, childhood hardship, physical maltreatment and being nurtured by a adult female with a history of depression, anxiousness or self-destructive effort. [ 18 ] Refering the hazard and methods of suicide employed in Nigeria, new forms appear to hold emerged. HIV/AIDS has emerged as an extra hazard of self-destruction. [ 24,25 ] Other emerging hazards include the cyberspace and societal media every bit good as terrorist act and self-destruction bombardment which though foreigner to Nigerian society, appears to hold come to remain. Burning with kerosene [ 26 ] , cutting one ââ¬Ës pharynx [ 27 ] and bring downing perforating abdominal stab hurt on oneself [ 25 ] are besides new but upseting methods of trying and finishing self-destruction in Nigeria.Prevention STRATEGIESSuicide bar is having increased attending in many developed states, but remains mostly ignored in developing states like Nigeria. There are no easy solutions to the job of self-destruction in developing states, given the serious deficiency of resources and low precedence given to mental wellness. There is besides the extra job of limited research on self-destruction in develo ping states, doing it imperative to trust on bar schemes that have been proven to work elsewhere but non in developing states. Furthermore, due to the unfavorable attitude towards self-destruction and mental unwellness, every bit good as the punitory legal demands for self-destructive behavior, self-destruction continues to be under reported in developing states, doing it hard to carry on research or develop and prove bar schemes. The World Health Organization has identified suicide as an progressively of import country of public wellness and has issued guidelines to member provinces in order to develop and implement coordinated and comprehensive national and international schemes. It has besides included self-destruction as one of the nine precedence conditions in the late launched mhGAP Intervention manual for scaling up services for mental and neurological conditions globally. The mhGAP manual is designed to function as a preparation manual for non-specialists in the designation and proviso of intercession for precedence mental wellness conditions, as a manner of cut downing the immense intervention spread in several parts of the universe. [ 28 ] There is grounds for the effectivity of two major schemes for forestalling self-destruction. [ 29 ] These include limitation of entree to lethal agencies and developing programmes for primary attention physicians to heighten early acknowledgment and intervention of depression with or without self-destructive ideation. Both attacks should be utile in our scene, but the latter attack to heighten the ability of general practicians, primary wellness attention workers and all other cells of wellness professionals to acknowledge and offer intercessions for depressive upsets is of important importance. Suicidal behaviors are besides strongly associated with the presence of mental upsets. In a underdeveloped state like Nigeria an of import measure towards suicide bar will be to cut down the stigma associated with mental wellness jobs. A reappraisal of the state ââ¬Ës Mental Health Policy and Legislation, to comprehensively turn to the current challenges of mental upsets, and their complications, including self-destruction and self-destructive behavior is long delinquent. These attempts should besides take for the decriminalisation of self-destructive behaviors in our Torahs. These stairss will be meaningless, if our wellness records and describing systems are non reformed to include mortality rates and the certification of the causes of deceases. This should assist in determining the self-destruction rates in the state, and supply a platform for utile planning and the execution of suicide bar schemes. Focused research in this country should be promoted, particularly with regard to placing hazard factors, get bying mechanisms, protective factors and possible intercessions to minimise the calamity of self-destruction and self-destructive behavior in this environmentDecisionIn this work, the writers have demonstrated that self-destruction and suicidal behavior are a public wellness issue, merely like in other states of the universe. Like in other parts of the development universe merely a modest volume of research has been conducted on the topic in Nigeria, reflecting the deficiency of involvement of clinicians, research workers, policy shapers and, possibl y, research grant suppliers on the topic. For better self-destruction research which should ensue in better bar schemes, it is imperative that self-destruction be decriminalized. Cultural and spiritual factors forestalling people from describing and stigmatising self-destruction should besides be addressed through public enlightenment runs. An betterment in the mortality records, that besides specifies the causes of decease should be ensured at all degrees of attention. It might besides be helpful if the WHO could leverage on member states to roll up and supply one-year self-destruction rates in their legal powers. Finally, self-destruction is a public wellness job that requires a multidisciplinary attempt at question, bar and direction. The earlier this is realized in the Nigerian context, the better for our emerging mental wellness attention.. inprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395769749213357739.post-60609155407375300962020-01-02T04:56:00.001-08:002020-01-02T04:56:03.686-08:00Prepare for Chemistry Lab Pre-Lab Procedures Chemistry lab is a required component of most chemistry courses. Learning about lab procedures and performing experiments helps you to learn techniques and reinforces textbook concepts. Make the most of your time in the lab by coming to lab prepared. Lab Prep Tips Review these pre-lab tips before starting an experiment. Complete any pre-lab assignments or homework. The information and calculations are intended to make the lab exercise quicker and easier.Know the location of the lab safety equipment and understand how to use it. In particular, know the location of the emergency exit, fire extinguisher, eyewash station, and safety shower.Read through the experiment before going to theà lab. Make sure you understand the steps of the experiment. Jot down any questions you have so that you can ask them before starting the lab.Start filling out your lab notebookà with information about the experiment. Its a good idea to draw out your data table in advance so all you need to do in the lab is fill it in with numbers.Review the Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) of the chemicals you will be using during the lab.Make certain you have all of the glassware, materials, and chemicals needed to complete the lab before starting any part of the procedure.Understand disposal procedures for the chemicals and othe r items used in your experiment. If you are unclear about what to do with your experiment after it has been completed, ask your instructor about it. Dont throw items in the trash or dump liquids down the drain or in waste disposal containers until you are certain it is acceptable to do so.Be prepared to take data in the lab. Bring your notebook, a pen, and a calculator.Have personal safety gear, such as a lab coat and goggles, clean and ready to use before the lab. inprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395769749213357739.post-29172647918082698372019-12-25T01:23:00.001-08:002019-12-25T01:23:03.199-08:00Macbeth, By William Shakespeare - 1725 Words In Shakespeare s time, supernatural entities, such as witches or ghosts, were to be feared. It was a point in history of extremely superstitious people, where women were burned at the stake for being accused of using magic. At odds with the beliefs of his time, Shakespeare uses the supernatural in a very logical way, providing a glimpse into his characters unique dispositions through the use of witches, ghosts, or magic to represent their internal thoughts and struggles. Each play deals with corruption and morality as a main themes, which are enhanced by the otherworldly elements within their respective stories. Macbeth focuses on the corruption of unchecked ambition and greed for power, Hamlet considers the corruption of power and the repercussions of action in the pursuit of true knowledge and justice, and The Tempest outlines the exploitation of magic on others, or the use of others for gain by a person of power, and the illusion of justice. Through the use of the supernatural, S hakespeare provides an external driving force that highlights internal ideas or desires, and provides insight into the character s mindset throughout each storyline. The supernatural elements of Macbeth, Hamlet, and The Tempest serve as integral parts to the structure of the plot, and provide the driving force of their respective stories. Each respective character the metaphysical element interacts with has internal ambitions for power or revenge, but without the validation of Macbeth sShow MoreRelatedMacbeth by William Shakespeare770 Words à |à 3 PagesThe play Macbeth is written by William Shakespeare. It is believed to be written between 1603 and 1607 and set in eleventh century Scotland. It is also believed to be first performed in 1606. It is considered to be one of the darkest and most powerful tragedies. Macbeth, set in Scotland, dramatizes the psychological and political effects produced when evil is chosen to fulfill the ambition of power. The Tragedy of Macbeth is Shake speareââ¬â¢s shortest tragedy and tells the story of Macbeth, a ScottishRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1425 Words à |à 6 PagesMacbeth Just Canââ¬â¢t Wait To Be King Everyone has a quality that they do not like about themselves. Some people struggle to be social, others may be too controlling of people. The list goes on and on, but the point is that everybody has a particular quality that they must learn to control or else that particular quality can get out of hand. Of course, one could write a list of characters that have major flaws. There is no better example than William Shakespeareââ¬â¢s character, Macbeth, in The TragedyRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1409 Words à |à 6 Pages ââ¬Å"Fair is foul, and foul is fair: Hover through the fog and filthy air.â⬠On October 17th, I had the pleasure of going to see Macbeth performed at the Shakespeare Tavern. Along with its reputation for being ââ¬Å"cursed,â⬠Macbeth is also known as one of the crown jewels of William Shakespeareââ¬â¢s repertoire. In my opinion, the central concept of this particular retelling of the play was the murkiness of character. Throughout the pla y, the many characters go through fierce temptation and strife, and noneRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1203 Words à |à 5 PagesMacbeth is a play based on King James I, it was written by William Shakespeare, however this play isnââ¬â¢t a king and queen fairy tale, but itââ¬â¢s a play about greed and guilt, chaos and murder and three evil witches who use prophecies to influence Macbeth to do bad things, using flattery would instigate his inner ambition to become king, which in the end doesnââ¬â¢t lead to a very happy ending. Shakespeareââ¬â¢s, Macbeth, was written in the early Jacobean period. During those times, women had no power, theyRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1243 Words à |à 5 PagesIn William Shakespeareââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Macbethâ⬠, the author portrays the main character Macbeth as a very tortured and flawed individual whose actions only serve to further unravel him. He is conflicted and power hungry, which drives him to perform evil murders and become a ruthless person. Macbethââ¬â¢s moral compass is not resilient enough to withstand his wifeââ¬â¢s manipulations and he is provoked to act on his malicious thoughts of murder. The author explores the terrible effects that ambition and guilt can haveRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare Essay1487 Words à |à 6 Pagesreactionâ⬠. Macbeth by William Shakespeare is a tale which illuminates the consequences of violating the ââ¬Å"Natural orderâ⬠, the hierarchy of beings in the universe. When Macbeth, a warrior wel l-known for his courage and bravery, murders King Duncan acting on his unchecked ambition to claim the throne, the order was disrupted, the resultâ⬠¦chaos. Shakespeare uses symbolism to illustrate the atmosphere of the play as the natural order is flung into a state of turmoil. These techniques used by Shakespeare is usedRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1483 Words à |à 6 Pagesdifferent references in the play of how a king deals with power and if they use it for better or for their own personal gain. In the play Macbeth, by William Shakespeare, Macbethââ¬â¢s obsession with his journey to power leads to his failure. This obsession is demonstrated through the prophecies, the murder of his best friend Banquo, and his own demise. Macbeth demonstrates that he is incapable of mastering the power and responsibilities of being a king. This is indicated throughout the play with theRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1045 Words à |à 5 PagesBlood appears in only two forms, but many times in Macbeth by William Shakespeare; between the war scene at the beginning of the play and the lifting of Macbethââ¬â¢s severed being lifted by Macduff at the end. It can be said that Macbeth could have been written in blood that there is such a large amount. What is unique about blood in Macbeth is that the ââ¬Å"imaginary bloodâ⬠or the guilt that the murderer feels plays more of a role of understand and amplifying the theme of the play, that blood is guiltRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1431 Words à |à 6 Pages Macbeth, though originally a valiant and prudent soldier, deteriorates into an unwise king whose rash decisions conclusively end in the atrophy of his title, power, and position. Several facto rs contribute to the downfall of Macbeth, which produce a contagion effect and ultimately end with his demise. He receives help from his ââ¬Å"inner ambitions and external urgingsâ⬠which result in his downfall (Bernad 49). The ââ¬Å"external urgingsâ⬠consist of the weird sisters who disclose his prophecies, which enlightenRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1320 Words à |à 6 PagesThe oxford dictionary definition of guilt, 1, the fact of having committed a specified or implied offence or crime, 1.1, a feeling of having committed wrong or failed in obligation. In Macbeth written by William Shakespeare, Macbeth, the titular character and his wife Lady Macbeth kill the King in order to become King and Queen themselves, this came with consequences which are still relevant in society today. The guilt they felt and the relevance to sleeplessness are common topics almost four hundred inprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395769749213357739.post-57613725501536603102019-12-16T21:11:00.001-08:002019-12-16T21:11:03.356-08:00The Most Common Way of Death Inside a Jail - 536 Words Timothy Souders was in an inferior place and suicidal when he went to jail at twenty-one for shoplifting. In his cell he brook a stool and tried to flood the cell. He was then locked up in his cell in the 100 degree weather. He denied water and died in four days. Many tragic things happen in jail such as rape, beatings, embarrassing strip searchings and gang violence. Many of these things happen from the guards and lawyers. Lawyers are know for slipping drugs in their shoes, guards have been known for selling drugs and alcohol to the inmates. A prisoner said he noticed a guard from the pub and says the guard brought him a bottle of vodka every friday. Lisa Harris was caught smuggling a phone in to a prisoner who had raped his ex girlfriend and threw acid in her face. From 2007-2008, four hundred and fifty-two jails said their death rate decreased when 324 reported an increase. In 2008 there were 960 inmates that suffered devastating deaths in the U.S. jails. In 2009 there were 948, that is one hundred and twenty-seven deaths out of every hundred thousand inmates. But there are two sides to every story one guard says he has been working in jails for over seven years and only saw one rape. The most common way of death inside jail is suicide; Suicide is also the third leading cause in prison. This is because it is a lot harder to commit suicide in prison. To commit suicide in jail or prison the prisoners do drug overdose and self inflected wounds. But the most common wayShow MoreRelatedPrison And The Prison System Essay1472 Words à |à 6 Pagesleave a remarkable toll on the inmates life in many different categories. The first and arguably most important comes in the form of mental health. Living in prison with have a great impact on the psychological part of your life. For example, The prison life is a very much different way of life than what us ââ¬Å"normalâ⬠humans are accustomed to living in our society. Once that inmate takes their first step inside their new society, their whole mindset on how to live and communicate changes. The inmateââ¬â¢s psychologicalRead More Models of Corrections Essay1250 Words à |à 5 Pages2. What is the crime control model of corrections? 3. What are the differences between prisons and jails? 4. What is your opinion about the constitutional rights of prisoners? 1. What is the community model of corrections? This model of corrections main purpose was to reintroducing the offenders in to the community. This Program was invented to help offenders in the transition from jail to the community, aid in the processes of finding jobs and stay connected to their families and theRead MoreEssay about Jails, Prisons, and Rehabilitation981 Words à |à 4 PagesPrisons and jails are both referred to as incarcerations. A prison is where people get physically confined and lack personal freedom, and also those awaiting trails and those serving a term exceeding one year are confined here, while a jail is where inmates are housed prior to their trials on local level and those serving a term of one year or less. The society is protected from the offenders by them being confined in prisons, where their behaviors can be monitored, or they can be placed in community-basedRead MoreDeath Penalty Is Cruel And Unusual Punishment1706 Words à |à 7 Pages In 1962 the Supreme Court thought that death penalty as cruel and unusual punishment. Because of this 107 people had their sentences changed to something that was not death. In November 1972 nine months after they had this choice the California electorate amended the state constitution overruled it. Then in 1973 the Supreme Court decided that the death penalty was unconstitutional. The California legislation was passed in 1973, which meant that the death penalty could only happen under certain conditionsRead MorePersuasive Essay On Crime And Punishment929 Words à |à 4 Pagesforgive or do we blame. When confronted with a crime especially when the person has lied before it becomes hard to believe them the next time they do something wrong this might lead to make them victims of terrible psychological or physical trauma or death nothing can feel more natural then if you blame someone else for all your mistakes and its not your fault for doing this some people just can help lie to others because they think they might get be discovered and the other person might tell the onRead MoreJeffrey Dahmer : An Strange Boy1646 Words à |à 7 Pagesthings such as his sexuality, his sexual desires and his obsessive interest in death. Dahmer stated at his trial that around this age he had created his own cemetery of dead animals. He would walk around with garbage bags and collect dead animals. Then he would experiment with them in ways that he would later do to humans such as drilling holes in their heads and chopping off their body parts. Jeffrey Dahmer was the most notorious serial killer in history because his killing spree lasted for 13 yearsRead MoreFailing Is Very Common And Acceptable, We Are Set To Fail1558 Words à |à 7 PagesFailing is very common and acceptable, we are set to fail in order to learn from our mistakes. Think about an adolescent who has been executed because the jury sentenced him, but it turns out he was innocent. Would human failure be acceptable in this specific case? Of course, not, ââ¬Å"lear ningâ⬠from this mistake would not bring the personââ¬â¢s life back it would only reinforce us to accept how inhumane the death penalty is. In the 18th century, society endorsed that killing people due to their crimes wasRead MoreCorrections in teh Criminal Justice System1076 Words à |à 4 PagesWhen most people hear the term, ââ¬Å"correctionsâ⬠they probably think of prisons, striped uniforms, cellblocks, armed guards, and surly prisoners. Part of American corrections is prisons, but corrections is much more than that. Corrections includes prisons, jails, halfway houses, group homes, probation, parole, intensive supervision, electric monitoring, restitution programs, victim-offender mediation, and even the death penalty. Corrections can be defined as all that society does to and with offendersRead MorePolice Officers And Officers Police And Corrections Officers1546 Words à |à 7 Pages If My Mind Could Forget the Things My Eyes Have Seen Abuse by police officers and officers in penal institutions is a big subject in the media now. Turn to a news station and the chances of seeing at least on case are pretty high. The most unreported incidents, however, is actually assault on police officers and corrections officers. The media does not report these issues nearly as much as it tries to portray officer assault on criminals. Why is it that the media covers up the big issue ofRead MoreThe Issues Of The Criminal Justice System Essay1647 Words à |à 7 PagesAbstract This research paper discusses the issues of people who suffer from mental illness being placed in jails instead of receiving the necessary treatment they need. The number of inmates serving time in jail or prison who suffer from mental illness continues to rise. In 2015 the Bureau of Justice reported that sixty five percent of state prisoners and fourth five percent of federal prisoners suffered from mental conditions such as bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Individuals who suffer from inprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395769749213357739.post-67778647987749484382019-12-08T17:55:00.001-08:002019-12-08T17:55:02.905-08:00Culture is a set of beliefs, r... free essay sample Culture is a set of beliefs, rules, institutions, practices and customs that distinguish members of one group or category of people from others. The word culture comes from the Latin cultus, which means care, and from the French colere which means to till. The comprehension of the word culture has transformed from its root meaning as an action to an action of being developed or cultivated. It is how we think, act, feel and behave which have been imbibed in us or we have learnt from our society that can be recognised in actions or structures. Culture consists of patterns which are explicit and can be seen through our behaviour or implicit, which influence our ways of thinking. These behaviour or ways of thinking are acquired and transmitted by symbols, constituting achievement of human groups, including their embodiment in artifacts; the essential core of culture consists of traditional (historically derived and selected) ideas and especially their attached values shared by almost all members of some social group (Kroeber and Kluckholm, 1952). It forms the basis of rules for a society, sets its norms, shapes their values and has a great influence in forming the personality of the individuals by influencing their attitudes, beliefs and opinions towards life.Culture is an integral part of our existence yet it differs from people to people or group to group. The various important characteristics of culture include: 1) Culture is learntIt is not genetic or biologically passed from generation to generation but rather learnt through ones experiences as they grow up.2) Culture is sharedEach culture is shared by a group of people that belong to the same community or geographical area. 3) Culture is SocialIt is learnt through interactions and experiences that one goes through. The norms, values, beliefs, rituals and traditions of the culture help in shaping the individual4) Culture is integratedThe various parts of culture have an intimate interconnection. All the parts of culture (rituals, practices, beliefs, traditions, customs, norms, language) are interlinked and are thus, influenced by each other. 5) à Culture is based onà symbolsLanguage, art and money all are symbols. These symbols help in easily identifying and distinguishing one culture from the other. 6) Culture isà dynamicCultures undergo gradual change but this change is necessary. Change is what helps the culture to survive and further help its members to adapt to the changing environment.Although culture normally serves as the collective memory of a society, it may in certain situations be necessary for younger generations to generate new patterns of thinking and acting. The development of technology or specific historical events can serve as examples of factors that can lead to differences between generations in terms of symbols, heroes, and values (Hofstede 1991). CULTURE AND ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOURA culture is learnt and absorbed as the various activities, rituals, values, customs and norms it possesses, influence the upbringing of an individual and play a role in shaping the personality of that individual. It helps in giving them a unique identity in the society. So, when an individual enters an organisation they will also make an effort to conform to the wider social norms within the organisation, and if they are not able to do so, they might feel awkward or uncomfortable about it. If an individual is works in an organisation in which he/she is not familiar with the values and beliefs, then they may have trouble in adjusting and working efficiently. Indicating that it is vital for the culture of the organisation is compatible with the culture of the society in which it is established, and thus it is important that the cross-national organisations take into consideration that how different cultures influence different patterns of behaviour. Adler (1997) and Adler, Doktor and Redding (1986) set out four very critical predispositions with respect to this matter:1.Patterns of behaviour in organisation are likely to differ as wider social cultures in different parts of the world result in different attitudes and values. 2.Factors like different standards of living can account for some of this variation in behaviour, but wider social culture also plays an essential role as a major influencing factor.3.Organisations in distinctive cultural settings have a tendency to become increasingly similar in terms of organisational design and technology, their employees can still differ in terms of culture, but a person who moves from a different cultural setting to another may need to change his or her behaviour to match the cultural norms of the new location or cultural setting.Consequently, it is not safe to assume that the same motivational techniques, job designs and reward systems will be equally successful everywhere, and so cross-national firms need to formulate global strategic approaches while dealing with a diverse workforce. Cultural norms of a society can influence people to behave in many ways that are different from other cultures. These are propensities and not inevitabilities. Around the world, people have different personalities which can temperate the effect of cultural beliefs and values. Some cultural characteristics that can give rise to differences in behaviour include: Peoples relationship to their world, religion, the individual and society, Social protocols, the perceived importance of time, orientation to activity and language and proxemics.Culture can thus be also defined as the the collective programming of the mind that distinguishes the members of one group or category of people from others (Hofstede, Hofstede and Minkov 2010). According to Hofstede (1997) people within in the same culture may carry several layers of mental programming within themselves. Different layers of culture exist at the following levels:â⬠¢ The national level is related with the whole country.â⬠¢ The regional level is related with ethnic, linguistic, or religious differences that exist within a nation.â⬠¢ The gender level is related with gender difference s (female vs. male)â⬠¢ The generation level is related with the differences between grandparents and parents, parents and children.â⬠¢ The social class level is related with educational opportunities and differences in occupation.â⬠¢ The corporate level is related with the particular culture of an organization. Applicable to those who are employed. inprovunic1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/17696036320395131961noreply@blogger.com0